==============Delaware=DE for short=====No. 1======================
A group of closely related Native American peoples formerly inhabiting the Delaware and Hudson river
valleys and the area between, with present-day populations in Oklahoma, Kansas, Wisconsin, and
Ontario. The Delaware formed a variety of political alliances in their westward migration after losing
their lands to white settlement in the 17th and 18th centuries.
特拉华人:一群与早期居住在特拉华河河谷和哈得孙河河谷及其之间的地区的美国印第安人有亲缘关系的人。现今人口
分布在俄克拉何马州、堪萨斯州、威斯康星州和安大略州。17和18世纪期间,德拉瓦尔人在土地被白人殖民者夺走后
向西迁移,在此过程中他们结成了各种政治联盟
==============Pennsylvania=PA for short=====No. 2====================
A state of the eastern United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in 1787.
First explored in the early 1600's, the region was settled by Swedes in 1634 and granted by royal
charter to William Penn in 1681. The Mason-Dixon Line (surveyed in 1763-1767) established the
colony's southern boundary and was extended westward in 1784. Pennsylvania played a crucial role in
the American Revolution and in the formation of the new republic. Harrisburg is the capital and
Philadelphia the largest city. Population, 11,924,710.
宾夕法尼亚州:美国东部的一个州,1787年成为东部十三州殖民地之一,16世纪早期首次被探险,瑞典人于1634年在
此定居并于1681年经皇家宪有暗香盈袖章批准归属彭·威廉。梅森-狄克森线(1763-1767年间勘定)为这一殖民地建立了南界,并
于1784年向西扩延。宾夕法尼亚州在美国独立战争及新共和国成立中起重要作用,首府为哈里斯堡,最大城市是费城
。人口11,924,710
面积 119,283 平方公里(全美第33名)
- 陆地 116,074 平方公里
- 水域 3,208 平方公里(2.7%)
人口(2000年)
- 总数 12,281,054人(全美第6名)
- 密度 105.80 人/平方公里(全美第10名)
加入联邦顺序
- 日期 1787年12月12日
- 第 2个加入美国联邦
时区 美东时间: UTC-5/-4
海拔
- 最高 979 米
- 平均 335 米
- 最低 0 米
缩写
- 邮政 PA
==============NEW JERSEY===NJ for Short=========NO.3================
A state of the east-central United States on the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one of the original
Thirteen Colonies in 1787. The region was settled by Dutch and Swedish colonists in the 1620's and
1630's, was ceded to the English as part of New Netherland in 1664, and became a royal province in
1702. The colony was strategically important in the American Revolution and was the site of a number
of major battles, including the engagements at Trenton, Princeton, and Monmouth. Trenton is the
capital and Newark the largest city. Population, 7,748,634.
新泽西:美国中东部大西洋沿岸的一个州。1787年最初十三州之一。17世纪20年代和30年代被荷兰和瑞典殖民者占领
,1664年作为新荷兰的一部分割让给英国,1702年成为一个皇家省。这块殖民地在美国革莫道不消魂命战争中具有战略性重大意
义,是几个主要战争的战场,包括特伦顿、普林斯顿和蒙茅斯战役。首都是伦顿,最大城市是纽瓦克。人口7,748,634
新泽西州(英语:State of New Jersey)是美国第四小以及人口密度最高的州,邮政缩写NJ。其命名源自位于英吉
利海峡中的泽西岛;其昵称为“花园州”。
新泽西通常被划分在美国的中大西洋地区 (Mid-Atlantic);亦为东部的一个州;也可以划分为东北部区域下。北接纽
约州,东面大西洋,南向特拉华州,并西临宾夕法尼亚州。新泽西部份地区是被划分在几个主要都会区之下,其中属纽
约都会区最大,其他还有费城以及德拉瓦河谷地区。本州海拔最高处是高点峰(High Point)。其海拔为550米
(1803英尺)。
在美洲原住民于美洲活动了11,000-50,000年之后,瑞典和荷兰殖民者于17世纪先后来到新泽西。之后,英国殖民者
乔治·卡特莱特爵士(Sir George Carteret)与约翰·柏克莱领主(Lord John Berkeley)从瑞典和荷兰殖民者处取
得了新泽西地区的控制权。在美国独立战争之中,有许多重要的战役即是在新泽西各地发生的。于19世纪时,许多类似
派特森市的城市对帮助推动美国的工业革莫道不消魂命有着相当重要的贡献。进入20世纪后,新泽西州的经济于1920年代快速繁
荣。但由于1930年代的大萧条,经济随之沉沦而下。新泽西的地理位置恰好位于波士顿-华盛顿城市带这一超级都会区
群的正中央,并被纽约市、费城、巴尔的摩、以及哥伦比亚特区等大都会区所围绕。这种便利的地理位置更促使1950
年代后的郊区的快速产生与发展
==============Georgia===GA for Short=========NO.4================
乔治亚州(在美国南部,首府在Atlanta), 乔治亚苏维埃社会主义共和国(位于前苏联高加索南部)
1) An ancient region and kingdom coextensive with the present-day republic of Georgia. It developed
as a kingdom c. 4th century b.c. and reached the height of its prosperity and cultural flowering in the
12th and 13th centuries. Ruled by both Turkey and Persia at various times, Georgia was acquired by
Russia between 1801 and 1829. The region was briefly independent (1918-1921).
格鲁吉亚:与今天的格鲁吉亚共存的古老的地区和王国。公元前 公元4世纪发展成为王国并于12和13世纪达到繁荣高
峰和文化鼎盛。不同时期曾被土耳其和波斯统治。在1801年或1829年之间被俄半夜凉初透国征服。这一地区曾取得短暂的独立(
1918-1921年)
2) Also Geor.gian Soviet Socialist Republic [-j…n] A constituent republic of southeast European
U.S.S.R. in the Caucasus on the Black Sea. Invaded by the Red Army in 1921, it was proclaimed a soviet
republic and officially joined the U.S.S.R. in 1922. It became a separate republic in 1936. The capital is
Tbilisi. Population, 5,201,000.
也作 Geor.gian Soviet Socialist Republic [-j…n] 格鲁吉亚共和国:黑海高加索地区的东南欧苏维埃社会主义共和
国联盟的一个有制宪权的共和国。1921年为苏联红军入侵,1922年宣布为苏维埃共和国并正式加入苏联。1936年成
为独立的共和国。首都是第比利斯。人口5,201,000
3) Abbr. GA, Ga.A state of the southeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen
Colonies in 1788. Georgia was founded in 1732 by a group led by the British philanthropist James
Oglethorpe and named for King George II. Atlanta is the capital and the largest city. Population,
6,508,419.
缩写 GA, Ga.佐治亚州:美国东南的一个州,据认是1788年北美最初13个殖民地之一。1732年由以英国慈善家詹姆
斯·奥格尔索普为首的一群人建立并以乔治二世国王命名它。亚特兰大是它的首府和最大城市。人口6,508,419
面积154,077 平方公里 (全美第24th名)
- 陆地 150,132 平方公里
- 水域3,945 平方公里(2.6%)
人口(2000年)- 总数8,186,453人 (全美第10th名)- 密度54.59 人/平方公里 (全美第18th名)
加入联邦顺序 - 日期1788年1月2日 - 第4th个加入美国联邦
时区 东部标准时区: UTC-5/-4
纬度30°31'N to 35°N
经度81°W to 85°53'W
宽370 公里
长480 公里
海拔 - 最高1,458 米 - 平均180 米 - 最低0 米 - 邮政GA
==============CONNECTICUT===CT for Short=========NO.5================
A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in
1788. Connecticut's coastline was first explored by Dutch navigators after 1614, and in 1635 colonists
from Massachusetts Bay began to settle in the Connecticut River valley. The Fundamental Orders, a
constitution based on the consent of the governed, was adopted by the colony in 1639. Hartford is the
capital and Bridgeport the largest city. Population, 3,295,669.
康涅狄格州:美国东北部一州。1788年它被接受为美国最初的十三个独立殖民地之一。1614年后,荷兰的航海家最先
到达康涅狄格的海岸线,1635年来自马萨诸塞湾的殖民者开始在康涅狄格河谷定居。在统治政府的同意下,一部基本
法-宪有暗香盈袖法于1639年开始实行。哈特福德是其首都,布里奇波特为最大城市。人口3,295,669
人口(2000年) - 总数3,405,565人 (全美第29th名)
- 密度271.40 人/平方公里 (全美第4th名)
加入联邦顺序 - 日期 1788年1月9日
- 第5th个加入美国联邦 时区
东部标准时区: UTC-5/-4
纬度40°58'N to 42°3'N
经度71°47'W to 73°44'W
宽113 公里
长177 公里
海拔 - 最高725 米
- 平均152 米
- 最低0 米
缩写 - 邮政CT
- ISO US-CT
网站:www.ct.gov
==============MASSACHUSETTS===MA for Short=========NO.6================
A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in
1788. The first settlement was made by the Pilgrims of the Mayflower in 1620. Governed by the
Massachusetts Bay Company from 1629 until 1684, the colony was a leader in the move for
independence from Great Britain and the site of the first battles of the Revolutionary War in 1775.
Boston is the capital and the largest city. Population, 6,029,051.
马萨诸塞:美国东北部的州。1788年被承认为最早的十三个殖民地之一。五月花 号上的清教徒于1620年最早定居此地
。1629年到1684年,该殖民地由马萨诸塞湾公司统治,并率领了殖民地从大不列颠独立的运动,马萨诸塞也是1775
年进行的美国独立革莫道不消魂命早期几次战役的发生地。波士顿为州府和最大城市。人口6,029,051
马萨诸塞州东濒大西洋。面积2.1万平方千米,人口644.9万(2007)。首府波士顿。大部地区岗丘起伏,海蚀地貌
与冰碛地貌广布 ,西北部是新英格兰高地的一部分,西北角的格雷洛克山海拔1064米,为全州最高点。海岸线曲折,
多优良港湾。属温带大陆性气候,年平均降水量1000毫米。中部的阔宾水库,面积101平方千米,是城市用水的主要来
源。州内有19条大河,最有名的是康涅狄格河、查尔斯河等。大、小湖泊池沼1200个。1788年加入联邦,为美国独立
时最初13州之一。工业始于19世纪初。纺织、制革业居主导地位。20世纪50年代以后重点发展电子、电器、仪表及宇
航、军火等部门。工业大多分布于东部地区,波士顿是最大的制造业中心,其次是中部的伍斯特和西部的斯普林菲尔德
。农业以生产蔬菜、水果、乳品、花卉等为主。东部沿海低地和西部河谷地带属乳酪带,牛奶是重要畜产品。沿海渔业
发达。有多条铁路和公路通东岸港口。波士顿为第一大港,其国际机场客运繁忙。便利的交通和丰富的名胜古迹为本州
发展旅游业提供了条件。州内有多所高等学院和研究机构。其中哈佛大学和麻省理工学院闻名世界。波士顿交响乐团是
世界一流乐团之一。 1775年2月9日,英国国会宣布马萨诸塞发生叛乱事件,接着派出军队去镇瑞脑消金兽压。 1786-1787
年,马萨诸塞发生谢伊斯起义,遭到州长詹姆斯·鲍登镇瑞脑消金兽压,塞缪尔·亚当斯支持镇瑞脑消金兽压。 1788年2月6日马萨诸塞成
为第6个认可美国宪有暗香盈袖法的州。 1820年3月15日,位于南部的密苏里州希望加入联邦。为了平衡南北州方的数量,北
方决定让缅因地区从麻州分出去,因为缅因和麻州中间有河隔开,并不是连在一起,缅因分出去之 马萨诸塞州旗
后成为美国新的一个州——缅因州。之后南北方各有12个州。
==============Maryland===MD for Short=========NO.7================
A state of the east-central United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in
1788. The colony was founded by Lord Baltimore in 1634 as a refuge for English Roman Catholics.
Annapolis is the capital and Baltimore the largest city. Population, 4,798,622.
马里兰州:美国中部偏东的一个州。1788年成为最早的十三个殖民地之一。该殖民地作为英国的罗马天主教的避难所
,由巴尔的摩勋爵1634年建立。安那波里为州府,巴尔的摩为最大城市。人口4,798,622
一六三四年开始殖民。一七七五年,华盛顿率马里兰州军队北进,奠定独立战争中马里兰的声誉。因此,该州别名叫做
“战线之州”TheOldLineState。一九四九年,该州庆祝“信仰自由法案”TheActofToleration(一六玉枕纱厨四九年通过)三
百周年纪念之时,强调这个法案在殖民时间内的重要意义。因此,该州另一别名是“自由之州”freestate。“以黑眼
苏珊花”black-eyedsusan为州花。该州箴言为“行为果敢,语言温和”Manlydeeds,WomanlyWords。一七八八
年四月二十八日成为美国第七州。
=============SOUTH CAROLINA===SC for Short=========NO.8==============
A state of the southeast United States bordering on the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one of the
original Thirteen Colonies in 1788. First visited by Spanish explorers in the early 1500's, the region was
granted by Charles II of England to eight of his principal supporters in 1663. The territory was divided
into the colonies of North Carolina and South Carolina in 1729. South Carolina was a leader in the
movement for independence from Great Britain and was the first state to secede from the Union
(1860), thus precipitating the Civil War. Columbia is the capital and the largest city. Population,
3,505,707.
南卡罗来纳州的:美国东南部的一个州,位于大西洋沿岸。1788年被接纳为最早的十三个殖民地之。16世纪初期,西
班牙探险家首先造访此地,而后由英格兰国王查理二世在1663年将该地区授予他的八个主要主持者。该地区在1729年
分成北卡罗来纳和南卡罗来纳两个殖民地,南卡罗来纳州在争取摆脱英国的独立运动中起过领佳节又重阳导作用,也是第一个脱离
联邦(1860年)从而导致内战爆发的州。哥伦比亚为该州州府和最大城市。人口3,505,707
南卡罗来纳州(South Carolina)是美国东南方州份中的一州,曾是美国早期13州联盟里的南卡罗来纳省(Province
of South Carolina),在反抗英制高税的美国独立革莫道不消魂命时期是重要的成员之一。本州的名称来自于英国国王查理一世
。2003年,人口约有4百万人(4,147,152人)。
美国海军以南卡罗来纳州命名过USS South Carolina战舰。
1788年5月23日 第8个加入美国联邦
==============NEW HAMPSHIRE===NH for Short=========NO.9================
A state of the northeast United States between Vermont and Maine. It was admitted as one of the
original Thirteen Colonies in 1788. First explored in 1603, it was settled by colonists from
Massachusetts during the 1620's and 1630's and became a separate colony in 1741. New Hampshire
was the first colony to declare its independence from Great Britain and the first to establish its own
government (January 1776). Concord is the capital and Manchester the largest city. Population,
1,113,915.
新罕布什尔州:美国东北部一个州,位于佛蒙特和缅因之间。被认为是1788年最初十三个殖民地之一。于1603年首先
被发现,17世纪20年代至30年代来自马萨诸塞的殖民者在此定居,1741年成为一个独立的殖民地。新罕布什尔州是最
先宣布脱离英国而独立并建立自己的政府(1776年1月)的一个殖民地。康科德是其首府,曼彻斯特是最大城市。人口
1,113,915
新罕布什尔州(New Hampshire)是位于美国新英格兰地区的一个州。绰号叫“花岗岩州”,因为本州盛产花岗岩,
另外也是因为这个州比较坚守传统观念,政府非常节俭。这个州的格言是:“不自由,毋宁死”。
州花为紫丁香,州鸟为紫红朱雀,州树为白桦树。
新罕布什尔州最著名的是她是美国总统竞选预选的第二站,每次总统竞选时民瑞脑消金兽主党和共和党都要在这个州选举党的参选
候选人。这个州还有秋季美丽的彩叶以及美国居民点气候条件最恶劣的记录。2003年这个州选出一位公开承认自己是
同性恋者的圣公会主教又是一件引起世界注目的事情。
新罕布什尔州还是冬季冰上运动的好地点。
面积24,239 平方公里(全美第46th名)
- 陆地 23,249 平方公里
- 水域814 平方公里(3.4%)
人口(2000年) - 总数1,235,786人 (全美第41名)
- 密度53.20 人/平方公里 (全美第20名)
加入联邦顺序 - 日期1788年6月21日 - 第9个加入美国联邦
时区东岸时间: UTC-5/-4
纬度42°40'N to 45°18'N
经度70°37'W to 72°37'W
宽110 公里长305 公里
海拔 - 最高1,917 米 - 平均305 米 - 最低0 米缩写
- 邮政NH - ISO US-NH
www.state.nh.us
==============Virginia=VA for short=====No. 10======================
A state of the eastern United States on Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one
of the original Thirteen Colonies in 1788. Early colonizing attempts (1584-1587) by Sir Walter Raleigh
failed, but in 1607 colonists dispatched by the London Company established the first permanent
settlement at Jamestown (May 13). Virginia was a prime force in the move for independence and was
the site of Lord Cornwallis's surrender in 1781. Virginia seceded in April 1861 and was the scene of
many major battles during the Civil War, including the final campaigns that led to the surrender of
Gen. Robert E. Lee. Richmond is the capital and Norfolk the largest city. Population, 6,216,568.
弗吉尼亚:美国东部的一个州,临近切萨皮克湾和大西洋。1788年成为首批13个殖民地之一。早期(1584年-1587年
)沃特尔·雷利的殖民企图以失败告终,但在1607年,由伦敦公司派遣的殖民者第一次在詹姆斯敦设立了永久据点(5月
13日)。弗吉尼亚是独立运动中的主要力量,并是1781年康华里勋爵的投降地点。弗吉利亚在1861年从联邦中脱离,
成为内战中许多主要战争的战场,其中包括导致罗伯特·E·李将军投降的最后战役。首府为里士满,诺福克为最大城市
。人口6,216,568(1788年6月25日, 第十个加入联邦)
==============NEW YORK===NY for Short=========NO.11====================
1> A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in
1788. First explored by Samuel de Champlain and Henry Hudson, the region was claimed by the Dutch
in 1624 but fell to the English in 1664-1667. The building of the Erie Canal and railroad lines in the
1820's and 1830's led to development of the western part of the state and great economic prosperity,
establishing New York City as the financial center of the nation. Albany is the capital and New York
City the largest metropolis. Population, 18,044,505.
纽约:美国东北部的一个州。在1788年被承认为最初的十三个殖民地之一,最先由塞缪尔·德·张伯伦和亨利·哈得孙考
察,在1624年被荷兰占有,但在1644年到1667年落入英国手中。19世纪20年代和30年代伊利运河和铁路线的开通导
致西部地区的发展和经济繁荣,并建立起了纽约市,作为国家金融中心。首府奥尔巴尼,最大的城市纽约城。人口
18,044,505
2> Or New York City A city of southern New York on New York Bay at the mouth of the Hudson River.
Founded by the Dutch as New Amsterdam, it was renamed by the English in honor of the Duke of
York. It is the largest city in the country and a financial, cultural, trade, shipping, and communications
center. Originally consisting only of Manhattan Island, it was rechartered in 1898 to include the five
present-day boroughs of Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island. Population,
7,322,564.
或 New York City 纽约:美国纽约州南部的一个城市,位于哈得逊河口的纽约湾。由荷兰始建时叫新阿姆斯特丹,后
来以纽约郡基薄雾浓云愁永昼督的名义改为英语名字。它是全国最大的城市和金融、文化、商业、船运和通运中心。最初只包括曼哈顿
岛,1898年重新划定包括今天曼哈顿的五个行改区:布隆克斯、布鲁克林、昆士和斯特提岛。人口7,322,564
纽约州(英语:New York State),昵称“帝国州”(Empire State),是美国东北部的一个州,首府是奥尔巴尼
,由上州、纽约市及郊县(下州)所组成。第11个加入美国联邦
==============NORTH CAROLINA===NC for Short=========NO.12================
A state of the southeast United States bordering on the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one of the
original Thirteen Colonies in 1789. First settled c. 1653, it was part of the province of Carolina until
1691 and became a separate colony in 1711 and a royal colony in 1729. North Carolina seceded in May
1861 and was readmitted to the Union in 1868. The state has long been a center of tobacco growing
and processing. Raleigh is the capital and Charlotte the largest city. Population, 6,657,630.
北卡罗来纳州:美国东南濒临大西洋的州。1789被承认为十三个创始殖民地之一。始建于1653年,为卡罗来纳省的一
部分直到1691年,1711年成为一个分开的殖民地,1729年成为皇家殖民地。北卡罗来纳州1861年5月退出联邦,
1868年被联邦重新认可。这个州长期为烟草种植地和加工地。首府罗利,最大城市夏洛特。人口6,657,630
北卡罗来纳(英语:North Carolina)是位于美国南部区域大西洋海岸的一州。别称“黑踵州”或“旧北州”。下辖
100县。州府为罗利,最大的城市为夏洛特。
北卡罗来纳是最初北美十三殖民地的成员之一,最初通认作卡罗来纳州,并且是第一个英国殖民地在美洲的家。1861
年5月20日,它成为最后一个美利坚联盟国脱离合众国的成员,并于1868年7月4日重新被接纳。该州并且是第一个以
人力动力比空气重飞行成功的地点,由莱特兄弟于1903年接近小鹰镇的Kill Devil Hills创造纪录。今天,该州是一个
各色各样经济和人口迅速发展的州。截至2009年7月1日止,人口估计是9,380,884(自2000年4月1日来16.7%增加)
北卡罗来纳有着宽阔的海拔地形,从沿岸海平面到约6,684英尺(2,037米)的山脉。沿岸、东部皮埃蒙特区域、与北
卡罗来纳中部气候与其它南方的州如乔治亚和南卡罗来纳类似;另一方面,西部山脉的气候比较接近新英格兰或中西部
上区。当沿海平原,特别是潮流流经地带,受大西洋强烈影响的同时,该州西部多山部份从沿海算起超过300英哩
(500公里)的距离,造成可观的与海隔绝。因此,该州的气候范围从沿海附近温暖、湿润亚佳节又重阳热带气候,到位于山脉附
近湿润大陆性气候。该州大多数降雨于湿润亚佳节又重阳热带区域
==============RHODE ISLAND===RI for Short=========NO.13================
A state of the northeast United States on the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one of the original
Thirteen Colonies in 1790. Rhode Island was settled by religious exiles from Massachusetts, including
Roger Williams, who founded Providence in 1636. It was granted a royal charter in 1663 and after the
American Revolution began the industrialization that is still a major part of the state's economy.
Providence is the capital and the largest city. Population, 1,005,984.
罗得岛州:大西洋畔的美国东北部的一州(第十三个州)。在1790年它被接纳为最初的13个殖民地之一。罗得岛由来自
马萨诸塞州的宗教放逐者居住,其中包括罗格尔·威廉斯,他于1636年建立了普洛维顿斯。它于1663年被授予皇家特
许权,在美国独立战争后开始工业化,它现仍为该州经济的一个主要部分。普洛维顿斯是首府及最大城市,人口
1,005,984
罗得岛州,全名罗得岛与普洛威顿斯庄园州(The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations)。由于名
称过长,一般简称为罗得岛。在地理上它是美国最小的一州,也是美国州名最长的一州。此州属于美国东北部新英格兰
的一部份。也是美国独立革莫道不消魂命中的早期13州联盟之一。
此州下辖五个县,有普洛威顿斯县、肯特县、华盛顿县、布里斯多县和新港县。包括了普洛威顿斯庄园的主要土地,也
就是普洛威顿斯县中所有的城镇、罗得岛(也就是地理上的艾奎纳克岛Aquidneck Island),目前有新港市
(Newport)、中城市(Middletown)与普兹茅斯市(Portsmouth)三个大城,这些城市大多是港湾。地理上罗
得岛州有十分之一的区域为海水覆盖,而且无论从此州的任何地方到海岸线都不超过半小时的车程。所以它的别名是海
洋之州,
由于罗得岛州的名字上有个“岛”字,许多人都误解本州是个独立岛屿,事实上罗得岛州也有相当大一部分在美国本土
。由于罗得岛州全称中的普洛威顿斯庄园(Providence Plantations)一词令人错误地以为此名字和奴隶制度有关,
故罗得岛州决定在2010年举行更名公投,更名议案最后以大比数遭到否决
==============VERMONT===VT for Short=========NO.14================
A state of the northeast United States bordering on Canada. It was admitted as the 14th state in 1791.
Explored by Samuel de Champlain in 1609, the region was first permanently settled by the British in
1724. Claims to the area were relinquished by Massachusetts in 1781, New Hampshire in 1782, and
New York in 1790. Montpelier is the capital and Burlington the largest city. Population, 564,964.
佛蒙特州:美国东北部的一个州,与加拿大接壤。它于1791年被接受为美国的第十四个州。1609年塞缪尔·德·查普兰
勘探了这个地区,1724年英国人在该地区永远定居了下来。马萨诸塞州、新罕布什尔州和纽约州于1781年、1782年
和1790年相继放弃了对这个地区的权利。该州首府为蒙彼利埃,伯林顿是最大的城市。人口564,964
==============Kentucky===KY for Short=========NO.15================
A state of the east-central United States. It was admitted as the 15th state in 1792. Daniel Boone's
Transylvania Company made the first permanent settlement in the area in 1775. By the Treaty of Paris
(1783) the territory became part of the United States. Frankfort is the capital and Louisville the largest
city. Population, 3,698,969.
肯塔基州:美国中东部一州。1972年作为第十五个州加入联邦。丹尼尔·布恩的特兰西法尼亚公司在1775年首次在此
永久性定居。通过《巴黎和约》(1783年),此区成为美国一部分。法兰克福是其首府,路易斯维尔是最大城市。人
口3,698,969
==============TENNESSEE===TN for Short=========NO.16================
A state of the southeast United States. It was admitted as the 16th state in 1796. First visited by the
Spanish in 1540, the region was explored by Daniel Boone in 1769 and became part of the United
States in 1783. The short-lived state of Franklin (1784-178

formed the basis for the Territory of the
United States South of the River Ohio (1790) and the later state of Tennessee. Nashville is the capital
and Memphis the largest city. Population, 4,896,641.
田纳西州:美国南部的一个州。1796年其被接纳为第十六个州。西班牙人于1540年首先到达这一地区,1769年坦尼
尔·勃思探索了这一地区,1783年其成为美国的一部分。只存在了很短时间的弗兰克林州(1784-1788年)成为美国俄
亥俄河南部地区(1790年)和后来的田纳西州的基础。纳什韦尔为其首府,孟斐斯为最大城市。人口4,896,641
==============OHIO===OH for Short=========NO.17================
A state of the north-central United States in the Great Lakes region. It was admitted as the 17th state
in 1863. In prehistoric times Mound Builders inhabited the region, which was first explored by La Salle
in 1669. The French-British rivalry for control of the area led to the last of the French and Indian Wars
(1754-1763), in which the French were defeated. Ohio was part of the vast area ceded to the United
States by the Treaty of Paris in 1783 and became part of the Old Northwest by the Ordinance of 1787.
It became a separate territory in 1799. Columbus is the capital and Cleveland the largest city.
Population, 10,887,325.
俄亥俄州:美国中北部,位于五大湖区的州。它于1863年被接收为第十七个州。在史前时代印第安筑墩人曾在此居住
。拉·萨尔于1669年首次对该地区进行了探查。英、法两国争相控制这一地区,并最终导致了法莫道不消魂国和印第安的战争
(1754-1763年)。在这次战争中,法莫道不消魂国战败。俄亥俄是在1783年巴黎条约中割让给美国的大片土地中的一部分,并由
1787年法令成为旧西北地区的一部分。它在1799年成为独立地区。哥伦布城为其首府,克利夫兰为其最大城市。人口
10,887,325
==============Louisiana===LA for Short=========NO.18================
A state of the southern United States on the Gulf of Mexico. It was admitted as the 18th state in 1812.
Part of the vast region claimed by La Salle for France in 1682, it was first successfully settled in 1718
with the foundation of New Orleans. Control of the area passed to the United States in 1803, and the
Territory of Orleans was created in 1804 when the northern part was split off to form the District of
Louisiana (later the Territory of Louisiana and the Missouri Territory). Baton Rouge is the capital and
New Orleans the largest city. Population, 4,238,216.
路易斯安那:美国南部墨西哥湾的一个州,1812年被承认为美国第十八个州。作为被拉萨尔1682年宣称为法莫道不消魂国领地的
广阔地域的一部分,最初是在1718年随着新奥尔良的建立而被确定的。1803年美国获得了对该地区的控制权。1804
年当北部分离出去形成路易斯安那区时,奥尔良准州被创立(后来有路易斯安那准州和密苏里准州)。培顿罗治是其首
府,新奥尔良是其最大的城市。人口4,238,216
==============Indiana===IN for Short=========NO.19================
Abbr. IN, Ind.A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 19th state in 1816. The
area was controlled by France until 1763 and then by Great Britain until 1783. The Indiana Territory
was formed in 1800. Indianapolis is the capital and the largest city. Population, 5,564,228.
缩写 IN, Ind.印第安纳州:美国中北部的一个州。1816年被接纳为美国的第19个州。1763年前这个地区被法莫道不消魂国控制
,直到1783年转而为大不列颠控制。印第安纳准州在1800年形成。首府是印第安纳波利斯,也是该州的最大城市。人
口5,564,228
A borough of west-central Pennsylvania east-northeast of Pittsburgh. It is an industrial center.
Population, 15,174.
印第安纳市:美国宾夕法尼亚州中西部的一个自治村镇,位于匹兹堡东北偏东方向,是一个工业中心。人口15,174
==============MISSISSIPPI===MS for Short=========NO.20===============
A state of the southeast United States. It was admitted as the 20th state in 1817. The first settlers in
the region (1699) were French, and the area became part of Louisiana. It passed to the British (1763-
1779) and then to the Spanish before being ceded to the United States in 1783. The Mississippi
Territory, organized in 1798 and enlarged in 1804 and 1813, also included the present state of
Alabama. Jackson is the capital and the largest city. Population, 2,586,443.
密西西比:美国东南部的一个州。它于1817年被接受为第二十个州。此地区最早的定居者(1699年)是法莫道不消魂国人,当时
这一片地区是路易斯安那的一部分。后来又归英国(1763-1779年)和西班牙统治,最后于1783年割让与美国。
1789年成立密西西比区,并于1804和1813年两次扩大,其中也包括今天的阿拉巴马州。杰克逊是州首府和最大的城
市。人口2,586,443
==============Illinois===IL for Short=========NO.21================
A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 21st state in 1818. The area was
explored by the French in the late 1600's, ceded by France to the British in 1763, and ceded by them to
the newly formed United States in 1783. Springfield is the capital and Chicago the largest city.
Population, 11,466,682.
伊利诺斯州:美国中北部的一个州。1818年作为第二十一个州加入美国。法莫道不消魂国人在17世纪后期首先开发了此地,1763
年法莫道不消魂国又将其割让给英国,1783年英法两国共同将其割让给新建立的美利坚合众国。斯普林菲尔德是该州首府,芝加
哥为最大城市。人口11,466,682
==============Alabama===AL for Short========NO.22=================
A state of the southeast United States. It was admitted as the 22nd state in 1819. Alabama was first
explored by the Spanish, and the southern section was claimed by the United States as part of the
Louisiana Purchase (1803). Montgomery is the capital and Birmingham the largest city. Population,
4,062,608.
亚拉巴马州:美国东南部一个州。1819年被接纳为美国第22个州。亚拉巴马首先由西班牙人勘查,南部地区作为“路
易斯安那购置”(1803年)的一部分被美国占领。蒙哥马利为其州府,伯明翰是最大城市。人口4,062,608
==============Maine===ME for Short=========NO.23===================
1) also [mμn] A historical region and former province of northwest France south of Normandy. United
with Anjou in 1126, it passed to England when Henry Plantagenet became king in 1154. Maine reverted
to the French crown in 1481.
也作 [mμn] 缅因:法莫道不消魂国历史上西北部的一个地域和以前省份,位于诺曼底以南。1126年和安茹统一,当金雀花王朝的
亨利于1154年成为国王时它被划归英国。缅因于1481年回归法莫道不消魂国国王的统治
2) Abbr. ME, Me.A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as the 23rd state in 1820. First
explored by Europeans in 1602, the region was annexed by Massachusetts in 1652. Maine's northern
boundary with New Brunswick was settled by a treaty with Great Britain in 1842. Augusta is the capital
and Portland the largest city. Population, 1,233,223.
缩写 ME, Me.缅因州:美国东北部的一个州,于1820年被收归为第二十三个州。最早在1602年被欧洲人开发,此地
区在1652年被马塞诸萨合并。缅因北部和加拿大新布伦瑞克省的边界于1842年和英国以条约的形式确定下来。奥古斯
塔为其首府,波特兰是其最大城市。人口1,233,223
==============MISSOURI===MO for Short=========NO.24================
A state of the central United States. It was admitted as the 24th state in 1821. Under Spanish control
from 1762 to 1800, the area passed to the United States through the Louisiana Purchase of 1803.
Organized as a territory in 1812, Missouri's application for admission as a slaveholding state in 1817
sparked a bitter controversy over the question of extending slavery into new territories. The Missouri
Compromise of 1820 provided for the admission of Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state
in the following year. Jefferson City is the capital and St. Louis the largest city. Population, 5,137,804.
密苏里州:美国中部的一个州。于1821年被接受为第二十四个州。1762年到1800年,此地区处于西班牙的控制下,
美国于1803年在路易斯安那购买行动中获得这一地域。1812年成为一个地区。1817年密苏里申请以蓄奴州身份加入
联邦导致了关于是否将奴隶制扩大到新地区的争论。1820年的密苏里协议为次年作为自由州的缅因州和作为蓄奴州的
密苏里州加入联邦铺平了道路。杰斐逊城是州首府,圣路易斯为最大城市。人口5,137,804
==============Arkansas===AR for Short=========NO.25================
A state of the south-central United States bordered on the east by the Mississippi River. It was
admitted as the 25th state in 1836. The region was first explored by members of Hernando de Soto's
expedition in 1541 and passed to the United States in 1803 as part of the Louisiana Purchase. Little
Rock is the capital and the largest city. Population, 2,362,239.
阿肯色州:美国中南部一个州,东面以密西西比河为界。1836年成为第25个州。该地区最早曾由埃尔南多·行索托的探
险队成员在1541年勘查过,1803年作为路易斯安那购置地的一部分归为美国。小石城为首府和最大城市。人口
2,362,239
==============MICHIGAN===MI for Short=========NO.26================
A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 26th state in 1837. French explorers
first visited the area in 1618, and the French retained nominal control until the end of the French and
Indian Wars (1763), when the region passed to Great Britain. It was ceded to the United States in 1783,
although the British held some areas until 1796. The Michigan Territory was organized in 1805 with
Detroit as its capital. Lansing is the state capital (since 1847) and Detroit the largest city. Population,
9,328,784.
密执安州:美国中北部的州,1837年作为第26个州加入美国,法莫道不消魂国探险家于1618年最初到达这一地区,直到1763年
的法莫道不消魂国和印第安人战争,法莫道不消魂国拥有名义上的控制权,战争结束后此地区归于英国统治,1783年割让给美国,但直到
1796年前英国仍控制着部分地区,密执安州建立于1805年,底特律为州政府所在地,1847年后州政府所在地转至兰
辛,底特律为该州最大城市。人口9,328,784
==============Florida===FL for Short=========NO.27================
A state of the southeast United States bordering on the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. It was
admitted as the 27th state in 1845. The peninsula was first discovered by Juan Ponce de León in 1513
and became the center of a Spanish settlement that included the southeast part of the present-day
United States. Spain finally ceded the area in 1819. Tallahassee is the capital and Jacksonville the
largest city. Population, 13,003,362.
佛罗里达:美国东南部一州,濒临大西洋和墨西哥湾。它于1845年被定为第27个州,该半岛于1513年首先由胡安·庞
斯·德·来昂发现,并成为包括现在美国东南部的西班牙人拓居地中心,西班牙最终于1819年割让了这一地区。首府塔拉
哈西,最大城市杰克逊维尔。人口13,003,362
==============TEXAS===TX for Short=========NO.28================
A state of the south-central United States. It was admitted as the 28th state in 1845. Explored by the
Spanish in the 16th and 17th centuries, the region became a province of Mexico in the early 19th
century. Texans won their independence in 1836 after a gallant but losing stand at the Alamo in
February and a defeat of Santa Ana's forces at the Battle of San Jacinto (April 21). Denied admission as
a state by antislavery forces in the U.S. Congress, the leaders of Texas formed an independent republic
that lasted until 1845. Austin is the capital and Houston the largest city. Population, 17,059,805.
得克萨斯:美国中南部一州,1845年它被接受为第二十八个州。西班牙人于16和17世纪探索此地,该地区于19世纪早
期成为墨西哥的一个省,经过二月份在阿拉蒙虽失败但勇敢的奋力抵抗和在圣·杰西托战役(4月21日)中战胜桑塔·阿那
军队后,得克萨斯于1836年赢得独立。美国国会反奴隶力量拒绝接受其为一州,得克萨斯的领袖们建立了独立的共和
国直到1845年。奥斯汀是其首府,休顿是其最大的城市。人口17,059,805
==============IOWA===IA for Short=========NO.29================
A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 29th state in 1846. Part of the
Louisiana Purchase of 1803, Iowa was organized as a separate territory in 1838. The Mound Builders
lived in the area in prehistoric times. Des Moines is the capital and the largest city. Population,
2,787,424.
艾奥瓦州;衣阿华州:美国中北部一州。1846年它被接纳为第29个州。它属于1803年路易斯安那购置地的一部分,
1838年被组建为一个独立的地区。在史前时期筑墩人居住在这一地区。德梅因是首府亦是最大的城市。人口
2,787,424
==============WISCONSIN===WI for Short=========NO.30================
A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 30th state in 1848. First settled by
the French, the region was ceded to Great Britain in 1763 and became part of the Northwest Territory
in 1787. Madison is the capital and Milwaukee the largest city. Population, 4,906,745.
威斯康星州:美国中北部一州。1848年作为第三十个州加入。首先由法莫道不消魂国殖民者建立,1763年割让给大不列颠,
1787年成为西北地区的一部分。麦迪逊市是该州首府,密尔沃基市是最大城市。人口4,906,745
威斯康星州(Wisconsin)是美国中西部的一个州,州名来源于法语对某印第安地名的音译,意为“我们居住的地方”
(1848-05-29日,第30个加入美国联邦)
==============California===CA for Short=========NO.31================
A state of the western United States on the Pacific Ocean. It was admitted as the 31st state in 1850.
The area was colonized by the Spanish and formally ceded to the United States by the Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo (184

. California is often called the Golden State because of its sunny climate and
the discovery of gold during its pioneering days. Sacramento is the capital and Los Angeles the largest
city. Population, 29,839,250.
加利福尼亚:美国西部靠近太平洋的一个州。1850年被收纳为第三十一个州。这个区域是西班牙的殖民地,后按瓜达
卢佩一伊达尔戈条约回归美国(1848年)。由于其阳光明媚的气候,并在拓荒年代发现了金矿,加利福尼亚常被称为
金色之州。萨克拉门托是其首府,洛杉矶是其最大城市。人口29,839,250
==============MINNESOTA===MN for Short=========NO.32================
A state of the northern United States bordering on Lake Superior and on Manitoba and Ontario,
Canada. It was admitted as the 32nd state in 1858. First explored by the French in the mid-17th
century, the area became part of the United States through the Treaty of Paris (1783) and the Louisiana
Purchase (1803). St. Paul is the capital and Minneapolis the largest city. Population, 4,387,029.
明尼苏达州:美国北部的一个州,隔苏必利尔湖与加拿大马尼托巴省和安大略省相望。于1858年成为美国的第32个州
。在17世纪中期法莫道不消魂国人开始探索这一地区,后通过巴黎条约(1783年)和路易斯安那置地(1803年)成为美国的一部
分。首府为圣保罗,最大城市为明尼阿波利斯。人口4,387,029
明尼苏达州是美国中西部最大的一个州,属于上中西部地区。明尼苏达州最重要的城市地区是由明尼阿波利斯和圣保罗
组成的双城地区,这两座城市以及它们周围的城区里的居民占明尼苏达州总居民数的一半以上。
明尼苏达州是美国的一个重要的产粮地区。它还拥有许多自然财富,这些财富在过去两个世纪中被大量开采。
1858年5月1日原明尼苏达地区的东半部继加利福尼亚州后成为美国的第32个州。
==============OREGON===OR for Short=========NO.33================
Abbr. OR, Ore.A state of the northwest United States in the Pacific Northwest. It was admitted as the
33rd state in 1859. Claimed by the United States after Capt. Robert Gray explored the mouth of the
Columbia River in 1792, the area was further explored by Lewis and Clark in 1805 and was soon the
site of fur-trading posts. The Oregon Country, a region encompassing all the land from the California
border to Alaska and the Pacific Ocean to the Rocky Mountains, was held jointly by Great Britain and
the United States from 1818 until 1846, when the international boundary was fixed at the 49th parallel.
In 1848 the Oregon Territory was created, including all of present-day Washington and Idaho. The
state's current boundaries were established in 1853. Salem is the capital and Portland the largest city.
Population, 2,853,733.
缩写 OR, Ore.俄勒冈州:美国西北部、太平洋西北沿岸州。1859年作为第33州加入联邦。1792年在船长罗伯特·格
雷探险哥伦比亚河口之后,美国宣布拥有其主权,1815年,刘易斯和克拉克对该地区进行了进一步的探险,不久后它
成为皮货交易站。俄勒冈地区, 覆盖从加利福尼亚州边界到阿拉斯加州和太平洋直至洛矶山脉的大片地区,从1818年
起英国和美国共同拥有该片地区,直至1846年在北纬49度制定了国界。1848年, 俄勒冈专区 成立,包括今天的华盛
顿州和爱达荷州。此州现有边界是1853年制定的。首府为沙连,最大城市为波特拉。人口2,853,773
A city of northwest Ohio, an industrial suburb of Toledo on Lake Erie. Population, 18,334.
俄勒冈市 :美国俄亥俄州西北部城市,托利多市的工业郊区,位于伊利湖畔。人口18,334
==============Kansas===KS for Short=========NO.34================
A state of the central United States. It was admitted as the 34th state in 1861. Organized as a territory
by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which provided it would be classified as a free or slave state on
the basis of popular sovereignty, it became a virtual battleground, known as Bleeding Kansas, for free
and slave factions (1854-1859). Kansas was finally admitted as a free state. Topeka is the capital and
Wichita the largest city. Population, 2,485,600.
堪萨斯州:美国中部一州。1961年被批准为第34个州。通过1854年的堪萨斯内布拉斯加法案,堪萨斯被组织成为一个
地区。该法案规定,遵照人民瑞脑消金兽主权论的原则该地区可以成为自由州或蓄奴州。1854年至1859年间该州实质上成为自由
派和蓄奴派的战场,被称为血腥的堪萨斯。堪萨斯最终被批准成为自由州。其首府为托皮卡,最大城市为威奇托。人口
2,485,600。
==============West Virginia===WV for Short=========NO.35=================
A state of the east-central United States. It was admitted as the 35th state in 1863. West Virginia was
part of Virginia until the area refused to endorse the ordinance of secession in 1861. Charleston is the
capital and the largest city. Population, 1,801,625.
西弗吉尼亚洲:美国东部中心的一个洲,它于1863年被收归为第35个州(1863-06-25日)。西弗吉尼亚州直到1861年
拒绝在脱离联邦的法令上签字前,一直是弗吉尼亚洲的一部分。查尔斯顿既是其首府又是其最大的城市。人口
1,801,625
==============NEVADA===NV for Short=========NO.36================
A state of the western United States. It was admitted as the 36th state in 1864. Part of the area ceded
by Mexico to the United States in 1848, it was made into a separate territory in 1861 after an influx of
settlers who were drawn by the discovery (1859) of the Comstock Lode. Carson City is the capital and
Las Vegas the largest city. Population, 1,206,152.
内华达州:美国西部的一州。1864年被承认为第36个州。1848年,墨西哥将其部分地区割让给美国。随着1859年康
斯托克矿的发现而涌入大量定居者之后,1816年内华达州成为独立地区。卡森城是其首府,最大城市是拉斯维加斯。
人口1,206,152
==============NEBRASKA===NE for Short=========NO.37================
A state of the central United States in the Great Plains. It was admitted as the 37th state in 1867. The
region became part of the United States through the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 and was made a
separate territory by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. Its present boundaries were established in
1861. Lincoln is the capital and Omaha the largest city. Population, 1,584,617.
内布拉斯加州:大草原上美国中央的一个州。于1867年成为美国的第三十七州,该地区通过1803年的路易斯安那的购
买成为美国的一部分,根据1854年的堪萨斯-内布拉斯加法案成为独立的领土。它的现在的边界定于1867年,林肯是
其首府,奥马哈是最大城市。人口1,584,61
==============Colorado===CO for Short=========NO.38================
A state of the west-central United States. It was admitted as the 38th state in 1876. First explored by
the Spanish in the 16th and 17th centuries, the region was added to the United States through the
Louisiana Purchase (1803) and a cession by Mexico (184

. The Colorado Territory was organized in
1861. Denver is the capital and the largest city. Population, 3,307,912.
科罗拉多州:美国中西部的一个州,1876年被确认为第38个州。于16和17世纪首先被西班牙人探险发现,通过路易斯
安那购买(1803年)和墨西哥的割让(1848年)而加入美国版图。科罗拉多的区划正式确立于1861年,丹佛是其首
府和最大城市。人口3,307,912
==============NORTH DAKOTA===ND for Short=========NO.39================
A state of the north-central United States bordering on Canada. It was admitted as the 39th state in
1889. Acquired through the Louisiana Purchase (1803) and a border treaty with Great Britain (181

,
the region became part of the Dakota Territory in 1861. It was set off from South Dakota when
statehood was achieved. Bismarck is the capital and Fargo the largest city. Population, 641,364.
北达科他州:美国中北部的州,与加拿大接壤。1889年成为美国第39个州。根据《路易斯安那购买协定》(1803年)
和与大不列颠的边界协定(1818年),这个地区在1861年成为达科他地区的一部分。取得州权后与南达科他分开。首府
俾斯麦,最大城市法戈。人口641,364
==============SOUTH DAKOTA===SD for Short=========NO.40================
A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 40th state in 1889. Acquired in the
Louisiana Purchase, the region became part of the Dakota Territory in 1861 and was split off from
North Dakota at the time it achieved statehood. Pierre is the capital and Sioux Falls the largest city.
Population, 699,999.
南达科他州:美国中北部的一个州,1889年被接纳为美国第四十个州。该地区是在购买路易斯安那的过程中获得的,
在1861年成为达科他属地的一部分,同时脱离北达科他州并获得州权。皮尔是其州府,苏福尔斯市是最大城市。人口
699,999
==============MONTANA===MT for Short=========NO.41================
A state of the northwest United States bordering on Canada. It was admitted as the 41st state in 1889.
Most of the area passed to the United States through the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 and was explored
by Lewis and Clark in 1805 and 1806. Split for many years among other western territories, the region
was organized as the Montana Territory in 1864. Helena is the capital and Billings the largest city.
Population, 803,655.
蒙大拿州:美国西北部与加拿大接壤的一个州。1889年被接纳为美国第41个州。大部分地区通过1803年路易斯安那的
购买归属美国,路易斯和克拉克在1805年和1806年勘查了此地。经过多年在其他西部地区分佳节又重阳裂之后在1864年组成蒙
大拿地区。赫勒拿是该州首府,比林斯是最大城市。人口803,655
==============WASHINGTON===WA for Short=========NO.42================
1) Abbr. WA, Wash.A state of the northwest United States on the Pacific Ocean. It was admitted as the
42nd state in 1889. Originally explored by Capt. James Cook (177

, Washington was the object of a
dispute between England and the United States until 1846, when its northern border was set at the
49th parallel. Washington is noted for its lumber and defense industries. Olympia is the capital and
Seattle the largest city. Population, 4,887,941.
缩写 WA, Wash.华盛顿州:美国西北部一州,靠近太平洋。它于1889年作为第42个州加入美国。华盛顿州最早由詹
姆斯·库克上尉探险发现(1778年),后来它成为英国和美国的争论目标,直到1846年其北部边界定于北纬49度方告终
。华盛顿州以木材和国防工业闻名。奥林匹亚为其首府,西雅图为其最大城市。人口4,887,941
2) The capital of the United States, on the Potomac River between Virginia and Maryland and
coextensive with the District of Columbia. It was designed by Pierre L'Enfant and became the capital in
1800. In the War of 1812 the British captured and sacked (1814) Washington, burning most of the
public buildings, including the Capitol and the White House. Population, 609,909.
华盛顿特区:美国首都,位于弗吉尼亚和马里兰之间的波多马克河畔,与哥伦比亚特区具有同等范围。它由皮埃尔·L·
昂方设计,于1800年成为首都。在1812年战争中,英军占领并洗劫了华盛顿(1814年),烧毁了大部分公共建筑,包
括国会大厦及白宫。人口609,909
3) A city of southwest Pennsylvania southwest of Pittsburgh. Settled in 1769, it is a manufacturing
center and the seat of Washington and Jefferson College (first chartered 1787). Population, 15,864.
华盛顿:宾西法尼亚西南部城市,位于匹兹堡西南。殖民开发于1769年,为一制造业中心,华盛顿与杰菲逊学院(最
初于1787年获特许状)的所在地。人口15,864
华盛顿州(英语:State of Washington)是一个位于美国西北太平洋沿岸的州,北接加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省,南
接俄勒冈州,东临爱达荷州,西邻太平洋。为纪念美国首任总统,乔治·华盛顿而成立,亦是唯一以总统名称命名的州
。并于1889年11月11日加入联邦成为美国第42个州。
==============Idaho===ID for Short=========NO.43================
A state of the northwest United States. It was admitted as the 43rd state in 1890. First explored by the
Lewis and Clark expedition in 1805, the region was held jointly by Great Britain and the United States
from 1818 to 1846. Idaho became a separate territory in 1863. Boise is the capital and the largest city.
Population, 1,011,986.
爱达荷州:美国西北部的一个州。1890年作为第四十三个州加入美国。1805年刘易斯和克拉克考察队第一次勘探了该
州,从1818至1846年,该地区由英国和美国共管。1863年成为一个独立的国家。博伊西是该州首府。人口
1,011,986
==============Arizona===AK for Short=========NO.44================
1) Abbr. WY, Wyo.A state of the western United States. It was admitted as the 44th state in 1890.
Acquired by the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase (1803), Wyoming became a ranching
center after the Union Pacific Railroad was established (186

. Cheyenne is the capital and the largest
city. Population, 455,975.
缩写 WY, Wyo.怀俄明州:美国西部的一个州。1890年被特许成为美国的第44个州,1803年向法莫道不消魂国购买路易斯安娜
州时作为其一部分购得,在太平洋联合铁路建成(1868年)时,怀俄明州成为大农场中心。夏延为首府和最大城市。人
口455,975
2) A city of west-central Michigan, a manufacturing suburb of Grand Rapids. Population, 63,891.
怀俄明市:美国密歇根中西部一城市,是大拉皮兹的制造业郊区。人口63,891 (1890年7月10日,第44个州)
==============UTAH===UT for Short=========NO.45================
A state of the western United States. It was admitted as the 45th state in 1896. First explored by the
Spanish in 1540, the region was settled in 1847 by Mormons led by Brigham Young. Salt Lake City is
the capital and the largest city. Population, 1,727,784.
犹他州:美国西部一个州。在1896年它作为第四十五个州被纳入美国。在1540年首次由西班牙人探险,在1847年由
布里格姆·扬格率领的摩门教徒在此地区居住。盐湖城是此州的首府及最大城市。人口1,727,784
==============OKLAHOMA===OK for Short=========NO.46================
A state of the south-central United States. It was admitted as the 46th state in 1907. First explored by
the Spanish, it was opened to settlement in 1889. The western part was organized in 1890 as the
Oklahoma Territory, which was merged with the adjoining Indian Territory to form the present state
boundaries. The Dust Bowl of the 1930's forced many farmers to move west as migrant laborers.
Oklahoma City is the capital and the largest city. Population, 3,157,604.
俄克拉何马州:美国中南部的一个州。它于1907年被接纳为美国的第46个州。西班牙人首先探察了这一地区,在1889
年它对外开放,允许外来人居住。1890年,其西部地区组成俄克拉何马地区,它与印第安地区合并构成了现在的俄克
拉何马州。20世纪30年代的干旱尘暴迫使许多农民向西迁移成为流动劳工。俄克拉何马城是其首府和最大的城市。人
口3,157,604
==============NEW MEXICO===NM for Short=========NO.47================
A state of the southwest United States on the Mexican border. It was admitted as the 47th state in
1912. Site of prehistoric cultures that long preceded the Pueblo civilization encountered by the
Spanish in the 16th century, the region was governed as a province of Mexico after 1821 and ceded to
the United States by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848. The original territory (established 1850)
included Arizona and part of Colorado and was enlarged by the Gadsden Purchase of 1853. Sante Fe is
the capital and Albuquerque the largest city. Population, 1,521,779.
新墨西哥:美国西南部一个州,位于墨西哥边境附近。1912年作为第47个州加入美国。它能追溯到16世纪西班牙人所
遇到的普埃夫洛文明的史前文化遗址。1821年以后,这个地区是墨西哥统治的省,1848年在《瓜达卢佩·伊达尔戈和
约》签订后割让给美国。最初疆城(1850年建立)包括亚利桑那和科罗拉多的一部分,1853年由于加兹登购买此城得到
扩大。首府圣菲,最大城市阿尔伯克基。人口1,521,779
==============Arizona===AZ for Short=========NO.48================
A state of the southwest United States on the Mexican border. It was admitted as the 48th state in
1912. First explored by the Spanish in 1539, the area was acquired by the United States in 1848
through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Phoenix is the capital and the largest city. Population,
3,677,985.
亚利桑那:美国西南部一个州,与墨西哥接壤。1912年成为美国第48个州。西班牙人首次在1539年到此勘探,1848
年通过瓜达卢佩-伊达尔戈条约该地区划归美国。菲尼克斯为该州首府和最大城市。人口3,677,985
==============Alaska===AK for Short=========NO.49=================
A state of the United States in extreme northwest North America, separated from the other mainland
states by British Columbia, Canada. It was admitted as the 49th state in 1959 and is the largest state of
the Union. The territory was purchased from Russia in 1867 for $7,200,000 and was known as Seward's
Folly (after Secretary of State William H. Seward, who negotiated the purchase) until gold was
discovered in the late 1800's. Juneau is the capital and Anchorage the largest city. There are plans to
move the capital to Willow, near Anchorage. Population, 551,947.
阿拉斯加州:美国的一个州,位于北美洲最西北部,与其它的大陆州被加拿大的不列颠哥伦比亚省隔开。1959年被纳
为第49个州,是联邦中面积最大的州。这块领地于1867年以7,200,000美元的价格从俄半夜凉初透国购得,直到19世纪晚期在此
发现黄金之前,一直被称为“西沃德笨蛋”(源自洽谈购买的国务卿威廉·H·西沃德)。朱诺为其州府,安克雷奇是最
大城市。现计划迁州府到安克雷奇附近的威洛。人口551,947
==============Hawaii===HI for Short=========NO.50=================
A state of the United States in the central Pacific Ocean comprising the Hawaiian Islands. The islands
became a U.S. territory in 1900, which was admitted as the 50th state in 1959. Honolulu, on Ohau, is
the capital and the largest city. Population, 1,115,274.
夏威夷州:美国州名,位于太平洋中部,由夏威夷群岛组成,1900年成为美国领土,1959年被纳为美国第五十个州,
位于欧胡岛上的檀香山是该州的首府及最大城市。人口1,115,247
==============Delaware=DE for short=====No. 1======================A group of closely related Native American peoples formerly inhabiting the Delaware and Hudson river
valleys and the area between, with present-day populations in Oklahoma, Kansas, Wisconsin, and
Ontario. The Delaware formed a variety of political alliances in their westward migration after losing
their lands to white settlement in the 17th and 18th centuries.特拉华人:一群与早期居住在特拉华河河谷和哈得孙河河谷及其之间的地区的美国印第安人有亲缘关系的人。现今人口
分布在俄克拉何马州、堪萨斯州、威斯康星州和安大略州。17和18世纪期间,德拉瓦尔人在土地被白人殖民者夺走后
向西迁移,在此过程中他们结成了各种政治联盟==============Pennsylvania=PA for short=====No. 2====================A state of the eastern United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in 1787.
First explored in the early 1600's, the region was settled by Swedes in 1634 and granted by royal
charter to William Penn in 1681. The Mason-Dixon Line (surveyed in 1763-1767) established the
colony's southern boundary and was extended westward in 1784. Pennsylvania played a crucial role in
the American Revolution and in the formation of the new republic. Harrisburg is the capital and
Philadelphia the largest city. Population, 11,924,710.宾夕法尼亚州:美国东部的一个州,1787年成为东部十三州殖民地之一,16世纪早期首次被探险,瑞典人于1634年在
此定居并于1681年经皇家宪有暗香盈袖章批准归属彭·威廉。梅森-狄克森线(1763-1767年间勘定)为这一殖民地建立了南界,并
于1784年向西扩延。宾夕法尼亚州在美国独立战争及新共和国成立中起重要作用,首府为哈里斯堡,最大城市是费城
。人口11,924,710面积 119,283 平方公里(全美第33名) - 陆地 116,074 平方公里 - 水域 3,208 平方公里(2.7%) 人口(2000年) - 总数 12,281,054人(全美第6名) - 密度 105.80 人/平方公里(全美第10名) 加入联邦顺序 - 日期 1787年12月12日 - 第 2个加入美国联邦 时区 美东时间: UTC-5/-4 海拔 - 最高 979 米 - 平均 335 米 - 最低 0 米 缩写 - 邮政 PA==============NEW JERSEY===NJ for Short=========NO.3================A state of the east-central United States on the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one of the original
Thirteen Colonies in 1787. The region was settled by Dutch and Swedish colonists in the 1620's and
1630's, was ceded to the English as part of New Netherland in 1664, and became a royal province in
1702. The colony was strategically important in the American Revolution and was the site of a number
of major battles, including the engagements at Trenton, Princeton, and Monmouth. Trenton is the
capital and Newark the largest city. Population, 7,748,634.新泽西:美国中东部大西洋沿岸的一个州。1787年最初十三州之一。17世纪20年代和30年代被荷兰和瑞典殖民者占领
,1664年作为新荷兰的一部分割让给英国,1702年成为一个皇家省。这块殖民地在美国革莫道不消魂命战争中具有战略性重大意
义,是几个主要战争的战场,包括特伦顿、普林斯顿和蒙茅斯战役。首都是伦顿,最大城市是纽瓦克。人口7,748,634新泽西州(英语:State of New Jersey)是美国第四小以及人口密度最高的州,邮政缩写NJ。其命名源自位于英吉
利海峡中的泽西岛;其昵称为“花园州”。 新泽西通常被划分在美国的中大西洋地区 (Mid-Atlantic);亦为东部的一个州;也可以划分为东北部区域下。北接纽
约州,东面大西洋,南向特拉华州,并西临宾夕法尼亚州。新泽西部份地区是被划分在几个主要都会区之下,其中属纽
约都会区最大,其他还有费城以及德拉瓦河谷地区。本州海拔最高处是高点峰(High Point)。其海拔为550米
(1803英尺)。 在美洲原住民于美洲活动了11,000-50,000年之后,瑞典和荷兰殖民者于17世纪先后来到新泽西。之后,英国殖民者
乔治·卡特莱特爵士(Sir George Carteret)与约翰·柏克莱领主(Lord John Berkeley)从瑞典和荷兰殖民者处取
得了新泽西地区的控制权。在美国独立战争之中,有许多重要的战役即是在新泽西各地发生的。于19世纪时,许多类似
派特森市的城市对帮助推动美国的工业革莫道不消魂命有着相当重要的贡献。进入20世纪后,新泽西州的经济于1920年代快速繁
荣。但由于1930年代的大萧条,经济随之沉沦而下。新泽西的地理位置恰好位于波士顿-华盛顿城市带这一超级都会区
群的正中央,并被纽约市、费城、巴尔的摩、以及哥伦比亚特区等大都会区所围绕。这种便利的地理位置更促使1950
年代后的郊区的快速产生与发展==============Georgia===GA for Short=========NO.4================乔治亚州(在美国南部,首府在Atlanta), 乔治亚苏维埃社会主义共和国(位于前苏联高加索南部)1) An ancient region and kingdom coextensive with the present-day republic of Georgia. It developed
as a kingdom c. 4th century b.c. and reached the height of its prosperity and cultural flowering in the
12th and 13th centuries. Ruled by both Turkey and Persia at various times, Georgia was acquired by
Russia between 1801 and 1829. The region was briefly independent (1918-1921). 格鲁吉亚:与今天的格鲁吉亚共存的古老的地区和王国。公元前 公元4世纪发展成为王国并于12和13世纪达到繁荣高
峰和文化鼎盛。不同时期曾被土耳其和波斯统治。在1801年或1829年之间被俄半夜凉初透国征服。这一地区曾取得短暂的独立(
1918-1921年) 2) Also Geor.gian Soviet Socialist Republic [-j…n] A constituent republic of southeast European
U.S.S.R. in the Caucasus on the Black Sea. Invaded by the Red Army in 1921, it was proclaimed a soviet
republic and officially joined the U.S.S.R. in 1922. It became a separate republic in 1936. The capital is
Tbilisi. Population, 5,201,000.也作 Geor.gian Soviet Socialist Republic [-j…n] 格鲁吉亚共和国:黑海高加索地区的东南欧苏维埃社会主义共和
国联盟的一个有制宪权的共和国。1921年为苏联红军入侵,1922年宣布为苏维埃共和国并正式加入苏联。1936年成
为独立的共和国。首都是第比利斯。人口5,201,0003) Abbr. GA, Ga.A state of the southeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen
Colonies in 1788. Georgia was founded in 1732 by a group led by the British philanthropist James
Oglethorpe and named for King George II. Atlanta is the capital and the largest city. Population,
6,508,419.缩写 GA, Ga.佐治亚州:美国东南的一个州,据认是1788年北美最初13个殖民地之一。1732年由以英国慈善家詹姆
斯·奥格尔索普为首的一群人建立并以乔治二世国王命名它。亚特兰大是它的首府和最大城市。人口6,508,419面积154,077 平方公里 (全美第24th名) - 陆地 150,132 平方公里 - 水域3,945 平方公里(2.6%)人口(2000年)- 总数8,186,453人 (全美第10th名)- 密度54.59 人/平方公里 (全美第18th名)加入联邦顺序 - 日期1788年1月2日 - 第4th个加入美国联邦时区 东部标准时区: UTC-5/-4纬度30°31'N to 35°N经度81°W to 85°53'W宽370 公里长480 公里海拔 - 最高1,458 米 - 平均180 米 - 最低0 米 - 邮政GA==============CONNECTICUT===CT for Short=========NO.5================A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in
1788. Connecticut's coastline was first explored by Dutch navigators after 1614, and in 1635 colonists
from Massachusetts Bay began to settle in the Connecticut River valley. The Fundamental Orders, a
constitution based on the consent of the governed, was adopted by the colony in 1639. Hartford is the
capital and Bridgeport the largest city. Population, 3,295,669.康涅狄格州:美国东北部一州。1788年它被接受为美国最初的十三个独立殖民地之一。1614年后,荷兰的航海家最先
到达康涅狄格的海岸线,1635年来自马萨诸塞湾的殖民者开始在康涅狄格河谷定居。在统治政府的同意下,一部基本
法-宪有暗香盈袖法于1639年开始实行。哈特福德是其首都,布里奇波特为最大城市。人口3,295,669人口(2000年) - 总数3,405,565人 (全美第29th名)- 密度271.40 人/平方公里 (全美第4th名)加入联邦顺序 - 日期 1788年1月9日 - 第5th个加入美国联邦 时区东部标准时区: UTC-5/-4纬度40°58'N to 42°3'N经度71°47'W to 73°44'W宽113 公里长177 公里海拔 - 最高725 米- 平均152 米- 最低0 米缩写 - 邮政CT - ISO US-CT网站:www.ct.gov==============MASSACHUSETTS===MA for Short=========NO.6================A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in
1788. The first settlement was made by the Pilgrims of the Mayflower in 1620. Governed by the
Massachusetts Bay Company from 1629 until 1684, the colony was a leader in the move for
independence from Great Britain and the site of the first battles of the Revolutionary War in 1775.
Boston is the capital and the largest city. Population, 6,029,051. 马萨诸塞:美国东北部的州。1788年被承认为最早的十三个殖民地之一。五月花 号上的清教徒于1620年最早定居此地
。1629年到1684年,该殖民地由马萨诸塞湾公司统治,并率领了殖民地从大不列颠独立的运动,马萨诸塞也是1775
年进行的美国独立革莫道不消魂命早期几次战役的发生地。波士顿为州府和最大城市。人口6,029,051 马萨诸塞州东濒大西洋。面积2.1万平方千米,人口644.9万(2007)。首府波士顿。大部地区岗丘起伏,海蚀地貌
与冰碛地貌广布 ,西北部是新英格兰高地的一部分,西北角的格雷洛克山海拔1064米,为全州最高点。海岸线曲折,
多优良港湾。属温带大陆性气候,年平均降水量1000毫米。中部的阔宾水库,面积101平方千米,是城市用水的主要来
源。州内有19条大河,最有名的是康涅狄格河、查尔斯河等。大、小湖泊池沼1200个。1788年加入联邦,为美国独立
时最初13州之一。工业始于19世纪初。纺织、制革业居主导地位。20世纪50年代以后重点发展电子、电器、仪表及宇
航、军火等部门。工业大多分布于东部地区,波士顿是最大的制造业中心,其次是中部的伍斯特和西部的斯普林菲尔德
。农业以生产蔬菜、水果、乳品、花卉等为主。东部沿海低地和西部河谷地带属乳酪带,牛奶是重要畜产品。沿海渔业
发达。有多条铁路和公路通东岸港口。波士顿为第一大港,其国际机场客运繁忙。便利的交通和丰富的名胜古迹为本州
发展旅游业提供了条件。州内有多所高等学院和研究机构。其中哈佛大学和麻省理工学院闻名世界。波士顿交响乐团是
世界一流乐团之一。 1775年2月9日,英国国会宣布马萨诸塞发生叛乱事件,接着派出军队去镇瑞脑消金兽压。 1786-1787
年,马萨诸塞发生谢伊斯起义,遭到州长詹姆斯·鲍登镇瑞脑消金兽压,塞缪尔·亚当斯支持镇瑞脑消金兽压。 1788年2月6日马萨诸塞成
为第6个认可美国宪有暗香盈袖法的州。 1820年3月15日,位于南部的密苏里州希望加入联邦。为了平衡南北州方的数量,北
方决定让缅因地区从麻州分出去,因为缅因和麻州中间有河隔开,并不是连在一起,缅因分出去之 马萨诸塞州旗后成为美国新的一个州——缅因州。之后南北方各有12个州。==============Maryland===MD for Short=========NO.7================A state of the east-central United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in
1788. The colony was founded by Lord Baltimore in 1634 as a refuge for English Roman Catholics.
Annapolis is the capital and Baltimore the largest city. Population, 4,798,622.马里兰州:美国中部偏东的一个州。1788年成为最早的十三个殖民地之一。该殖民地作为英国的罗马天主教的避难所
,由巴尔的摩勋爵1634年建立。安那波里为州府,巴尔的摩为最大城市。人口4,798,622一六三四年开始殖民。一七七五年,华盛顿率马里兰州军队北进,奠定独立战争中马里兰的声誉。因此,该州别名叫做
“战线之州”TheOldLineState。一九四九年,该州庆祝“信仰自由法案”TheActofToleration(一六玉枕纱厨四九年通过)三
百周年纪念之时,强调这个法案在殖民时间内的重要意义。因此,该州另一别名是“自由之州”freestate。“以黑眼
苏珊花”black-eyedsusan为州花。该州箴言为“行为果敢,语言温和”Manlydeeds,WomanlyWords。一七八八
年四月二十八日成为美国第七州。=============SOUTH CAROLINA===SC for Short=========NO.8==============A state of the southeast United States bordering on the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one of the
original Thirteen Colonies in 1788. First visited by Spanish explorers in the early 1500's, the region was
granted by Charles II of England to eight of his principal supporters in 1663. The territory was divided
into the colonies of North Carolina and South Carolina in 1729. South Carolina was a leader in the
movement for independence from Great Britain and was the first state to secede from the Union
(1860), thus precipitating the Civil War. Columbia is the capital and the largest city. Population,
3,505,707.南卡罗来纳州的:美国东南部的一个州,位于大西洋沿岸。1788年被接纳为最早的十三个殖民地之。16世纪初期,西
班牙探险家首先造访此地,而后由英格兰国王查理二世在1663年将该地区授予他的八个主要主持者。该地区在1729年
分成北卡罗来纳和南卡罗来纳两个殖民地,南卡罗来纳州在争取摆脱英国的独立运动中起过领佳节又重阳导作用,也是第一个脱离
联邦(1860年)从而导致内战爆发的州。哥伦比亚为该州州府和最大城市。人口3,505,707南卡罗来纳州(South Carolina)是美国东南方州份中的一州,曾是美国早期13州联盟里的南卡罗来纳省(Province
of South Carolina),在反抗英制高税的美国独立革莫道不消魂命时期是重要的成员之一。本州的名称来自于英国国王查理一世
。2003年,人口约有4百万人(4,147,152人)。 美国海军以南卡罗来纳州命名过USS South Carolina战舰。1788年5月23日 第8个加入美国联邦==============NEW HAMPSHIRE===NH for Short=========NO.9================A state of the northeast United States between Vermont and Maine. It was admitted as one of the
original Thirteen Colonies in 1788. First explored in 1603, it was settled by colonists from
Massachusetts during the 1620's and 1630's and became a separate colony in 1741. New Hampshire
was the first colony to declare its independence from Great Britain and the first to establish its own
government (January 1776). Concord is the capital and Manchester the largest city. Population,
1,113,915.新罕布什尔州:美国东北部一个州,位于佛蒙特和缅因之间。被认为是1788年最初十三个殖民地之一。于1603年首先
被发现,17世纪20年代至30年代来自马萨诸塞的殖民者在此定居,1741年成为一个独立的殖民地。新罕布什尔州是最
先宣布脱离英国而独立并建立自己的政府(1776年1月)的一个殖民地。康科德是其首府,曼彻斯特是最大城市。人口
1,113,915新罕布什尔州(New Hampshire)是位于美国新英格兰地区的一个州。绰号叫“花岗岩州”,因为本州盛产花岗岩,
另外也是因为这个州比较坚守传统观念,政府非常节俭。这个州的格言是:“不自由,毋宁死”。 州花为紫丁香,州鸟为紫红朱雀,州树为白桦树。 新罕布什尔州最著名的是她是美国总统竞选预选的第二站,每次总统竞选时民瑞脑消金兽主党和共和党都要在这个州选举党的参选
候选人。这个州还有秋季美丽的彩叶以及美国居民点气候条件最恶劣的记录。2003年这个州选出一位公开承认自己是
同性恋者的圣公会主教又是一件引起世界注目的事情。新罕布什尔州还是冬季冰上运动的好地点。面积24,239 平方公里(全美第46th名) - 陆地 23,249 平方公里 - 水域814 平方公里(3.4%)人口(2000年) - 总数1,235,786人 (全美第41名) - 密度53.20 人/平方公里 (全美第20名)加入联邦顺序 - 日期1788年6月21日 - 第9个加入美国联邦时区东岸时间: UTC-5/-4纬度42°40'N to 45°18'N经度70°37'W to 72°37'W宽110 公里长305 公里海拔 - 最高1,917 米 - 平均305 米 - 最低0 米缩写- 邮政NH - ISO US-NHwww.state.nh.us==============Virginia=VA for short=====No. 10======================A state of the eastern United States on Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one
of the original Thirteen Colonies in 1788. Early colonizing attempts (1584-1587) by Sir Walter Raleigh
failed, but in 1607 colonists dispatched by the London Company established the first permanent
settlement at Jamestown (May 13). Virginia was a prime force in the move for independence and was
the site of Lord Cornwallis's surrender in 1781. Virginia seceded in April 1861 and was the scene of
many major battles during the Civil War, including the final campaigns that led to the surrender of
Gen. Robert E. Lee. Richmond is the capital and Norfolk the largest city. Population, 6,216,568.弗吉尼亚:美国东部的一个州,临近切萨皮克湾和大西洋。1788年成为首批13个殖民地之一。早期(1584年-1587年
)沃特尔·雷利的殖民企图以失败告终,但在1607年,由伦敦公司派遣的殖民者第一次在詹姆斯敦设立了永久据点(5月
13日)。弗吉尼亚是独立运动中的主要力量,并是1781年康华里勋爵的投降地点。弗吉利亚在1861年从联邦中脱离,
成为内战中许多主要战争的战场,其中包括导致罗伯特·E·李将军投降的最后战役。首府为里士满,诺福克为最大城市
。人口6,216,568(1788年6月25日, 第十个加入联邦)==============NEW YORK===NY for Short=========NO.11====================1> A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as one of the original Thirteen Colonies in
1788. First explored by Samuel de Champlain and Henry Hudson, the region was claimed by the Dutch
in 1624 but fell to the English in 1664-1667. The building of the Erie Canal and railroad lines in the
1820's and 1830's led to development of the western part of the state and great economic prosperity,
establishing New York City as the financial center of the nation. Albany is the capital and New York
City the largest metropolis. Population, 18,044,505.纽约:美国东北部的一个州。在1788年被承认为最初的十三个殖民地之一,最先由塞缪尔·德·张伯伦和亨利·哈得孙考
察,在1624年被荷兰占有,但在1644年到1667年落入英国手中。19世纪20年代和30年代伊利运河和铁路线的开通导
致西部地区的发展和经济繁荣,并建立起了纽约市,作为国家金融中心。首府奥尔巴尼,最大的城市纽约城。人口
18,044,5052> Or New York City A city of southern New York on New York Bay at the mouth of the Hudson River.
Founded by the Dutch as New Amsterdam, it was renamed by the English in honor of the Duke of
York. It is the largest city in the country and a financial, cultural, trade, shipping, and communications
center. Originally consisting only of Manhattan Island, it was rechartered in 1898 to include the five
present-day boroughs of Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island. Population,
7,322,564.或 New York City 纽约:美国纽约州南部的一个城市,位于哈得逊河口的纽约湾。由荷兰始建时叫新阿姆斯特丹,后
来以纽约郡基薄雾浓云愁永昼督的名义改为英语名字。它是全国最大的城市和金融、文化、商业、船运和通运中心。最初只包括曼哈顿
岛,1898年重新划定包括今天曼哈顿的五个行改区:布隆克斯、布鲁克林、昆士和斯特提岛。人口7,322,564
纽约州(英语:New York State),昵称“帝国州”(Empire State),是美国东北部的一个州,首府是奥尔巴尼
,由上州、纽约市及郊县(下州)所组成。第11个加入美国联邦==============NORTH CAROLINA===NC for Short=========NO.12================A state of the southeast United States bordering on the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one of the
original Thirteen Colonies in 1789. First settled c. 1653, it was part of the province of Carolina until
1691 and became a separate colony in 1711 and a royal colony in 1729. North Carolina seceded in May
1861 and was readmitted to the Union in 1868. The state has long been a center of tobacco growing
and processing. Raleigh is the capital and Charlotte the largest city. Population, 6,657,630.北卡罗来纳州:美国东南濒临大西洋的州。1789被承认为十三个创始殖民地之一。始建于1653年,为卡罗来纳省的一
部分直到1691年,1711年成为一个分开的殖民地,1729年成为皇家殖民地。北卡罗来纳州1861年5月退出联邦,
1868年被联邦重新认可。这个州长期为烟草种植地和加工地。首府罗利,最大城市夏洛特。人口6,657,630北卡罗来纳(英语:North Carolina)是位于美国南部区域大西洋海岸的一州。别称“黑踵州”或“旧北州”。下辖
100县。州府为罗利,最大的城市为夏洛特。 北卡罗来纳是最初北美十三殖民地的成员之一,最初通认作卡罗来纳州,并且是第一个英国殖民地在美洲的家。1861
年5月20日,它成为最后一个美利坚联盟国脱离合众国的成员,并于1868年7月4日重新被接纳。该州并且是第一个以
人力动力比空气重飞行成功的地点,由莱特兄弟于1903年接近小鹰镇的Kill Devil Hills创造纪录。今天,该州是一个
各色各样经济和人口迅速发展的州。截至2009年7月1日止,人口估计是9,380,884(自2000年4月1日来16.7%增加) 北卡罗来纳有着宽阔的海拔地形,从沿岸海平面到约6,684英尺(2,037米)的山脉。沿岸、东部皮埃蒙特区域、与北
卡罗来纳中部气候与其它南方的州如乔治亚和南卡罗来纳类似;另一方面,西部山脉的气候比较接近新英格兰或中西部
上区。当沿海平原,特别是潮流流经地带,受大西洋强烈影响的同时,该州西部多山部份从沿海算起超过300英哩
(500公里)的距离,造成可观的与海隔绝。因此,该州的气候范围从沿海附近温暖、湿润亚佳节又重阳热带气候,到位于山脉附
近湿润大陆性气候。该州大多数降雨于湿润亚佳节又重阳热带区域==============RHODE ISLAND===RI for Short=========NO.13================A state of the northeast United States on the Atlantic Ocean. It was admitted as one of the original
Thirteen Colonies in 1790. Rhode Island was settled by religious exiles from Massachusetts, including
Roger Williams, who founded Providence in 1636. It was granted a royal charter in 1663 and after the
American Revolution began the industrialization that is still a major part of the state's economy.
Providence is the capital and the largest city. Population, 1,005,984.罗得岛州:大西洋畔的美国东北部的一州(第十三个州)。在1790年它被接纳为最初的13个殖民地之一。罗得岛由来自
马萨诸塞州的宗教放逐者居住,其中包括罗格尔·威廉斯,他于1636年建立了普洛维顿斯。它于1663年被授予皇家特
许权,在美国独立战争后开始工业化,它现仍为该州经济的一个主要部分。普洛维顿斯是首府及最大城市,人口
1,005,984罗得岛州,全名罗得岛与普洛威顿斯庄园州(The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations)。由于名
称过长,一般简称为罗得岛。在地理上它是美国最小的一州,也是美国州名最长的一州。此州属于美国东北部新英格兰
的一部份。也是美国独立革莫道不消魂命中的早期13州联盟之一。 此州下辖五个县,有普洛威顿斯县、肯特县、华盛顿县、布里斯多县和新港县。包括了普洛威顿斯庄园的主要土地,也
就是普洛威顿斯县中所有的城镇、罗得岛(也就是地理上的艾奎纳克岛Aquidneck Island),目前有新港市
(Newport)、中城市(Middletown)与普兹茅斯市(Portsmouth)三个大城,这些城市大多是港湾。地理上罗
得岛州有十分之一的区域为海水覆盖,而且无论从此州的任何地方到海岸线都不超过半小时的车程。所以它的别名是海
洋之州, 由于罗得岛州的名字上有个“岛”字,许多人都误解本州是个独立岛屿,事实上罗得岛州也有相当大一部分在美国本土
。由于罗得岛州全称中的普洛威顿斯庄园(Providence Plantations)一词令人错误地以为此名字和奴隶制度有关,
故罗得岛州决定在2010年举行更名公投,更名议案最后以大比数遭到否决==============VERMONT===VT for Short=========NO.14================A state of the northeast United States bordering on Canada. It was admitted as the 14th state in 1791.
Explored by Samuel de Champlain in 1609, the region was first permanently settled by the British in
1724. Claims to the area were relinquished by Massachusetts in 1781, New Hampshire in 1782, and
New York in 1790. Montpelier is the capital and Burlington the largest city. Population, 564,964.佛蒙特州:美国东北部的一个州,与加拿大接壤。它于1791年被接受为美国的第十四个州。1609年塞缪尔·德·查普兰
勘探了这个地区,1724年英国人在该地区永远定居了下来。马萨诸塞州、新罕布什尔州和纽约州于1781年、1782年
和1790年相继放弃了对这个地区的权利。该州首府为蒙彼利埃,伯林顿是最大的城市。人口564,964==============Kentucky===KY for Short=========NO.15================A state of the east-central United States. It was admitted as the 15th state in 1792. Daniel Boone's
Transylvania Company made the first permanent settlement in the area in 1775. By the Treaty of Paris
(1783) the territory became part of the United States. Frankfort is the capital and Louisville the largest
city. Population, 3,698,969.肯塔基州:美国中东部一州。1972年作为第十五个州加入联邦。丹尼尔·布恩的特兰西法尼亚公司在1775年首次在此
永久性定居。通过《巴黎和约》(1783年),此区成为美国一部分。法兰克福是其首府,路易斯维尔是最大城市。人
口3,698,969==============TENNESSEE===TN for Short=========NO.16================A state of the southeast United States. It was admitted as the 16th state in 1796. First visited by the
Spanish in 1540, the region was explored by Daniel Boone in 1769 and became part of the United
States in 1783. The short-lived state of Franklin (1784-178
formed the basis for the Territory of the
United States South of the River Ohio (1790) and the later state of Tennessee. Nashville is the capital
and Memphis the largest city. Population, 4,896,641.田纳西州:美国南部的一个州。1796年其被接纳为第十六个州。西班牙人于1540年首先到达这一地区,1769年坦尼
尔·勃思探索了这一地区,1783年其成为美国的一部分。只存在了很短时间的弗兰克林州(1784-1788年)成为美国俄
亥俄河南部地区(1790年)和后来的田纳西州的基础。纳什韦尔为其首府,孟斐斯为最大城市。人口4,896,641==============OHIO===OH for Short=========NO.17================A state of the north-central United States in the Great Lakes region. It was admitted as the 17th state
in 1863. In prehistoric times Mound Builders inhabited the region, which was first explored by La Salle
in 1669. The French-British rivalry for control of the area led to the last of the French and Indian Wars
(1754-1763), in which the French were defeated. Ohio was part of the vast area ceded to the United
States by the Treaty of Paris in 1783 and became part of the Old Northwest by the Ordinance of 1787.
It became a separate territory in 1799. Columbus is the capital and Cleveland the largest city.
Population, 10,887,325.俄亥俄州:美国中北部,位于五大湖区的州。它于1863年被接收为第十七个州。在史前时代印第安筑墩人曾在此居住
。拉·萨尔于1669年首次对该地区进行了探查。英、法两国争相控制这一地区,并最终导致了法莫道不消魂国和印第安的战争
(1754-1763年)。在这次战争中,法莫道不消魂国战败。俄亥俄是在1783年巴黎条约中割让给美国的大片土地中的一部分,并由
1787年法令成为旧西北地区的一部分。它在1799年成为独立地区。哥伦布城为其首府,克利夫兰为其最大城市。人口
10,887,325==============Louisiana===LA for Short=========NO.18================A state of the southern United States on the Gulf of Mexico. It was admitted as the 18th state in 1812.
Part of the vast region claimed by La Salle for France in 1682, it was first successfully settled in 1718
with the foundation of New Orleans. Control of the area passed to the United States in 1803, and the
Territory of Orleans was created in 1804 when the northern part was split off to form the District of
Louisiana (later the Territory of Louisiana and the Missouri Territory). Baton Rouge is the capital and
New Orleans the largest city. Population, 4,238,216.路易斯安那:美国南部墨西哥湾的一个州,1812年被承认为美国第十八个州。作为被拉萨尔1682年宣称为法莫道不消魂国领地的
广阔地域的一部分,最初是在1718年随着新奥尔良的建立而被确定的。1803年美国获得了对该地区的控制权。1804
年当北部分离出去形成路易斯安那区时,奥尔良准州被创立(后来有路易斯安那准州和密苏里准州)。培顿罗治是其首
府,新奥尔良是其最大的城市。人口4,238,216==============Indiana===IN for Short=========NO.19================Abbr. IN, Ind.A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 19th state in 1816. The
area was controlled by France until 1763 and then by Great Britain until 1783. The Indiana Territory
was formed in 1800. Indianapolis is the capital and the largest city. Population, 5,564,228.缩写 IN, Ind.印第安纳州:美国中北部的一个州。1816年被接纳为美国的第19个州。1763年前这个地区被法莫道不消魂国控制
,直到1783年转而为大不列颠控制。印第安纳准州在1800年形成。首府是印第安纳波利斯,也是该州的最大城市。人
口5,564,228A borough of west-central Pennsylvania east-northeast of Pittsburgh. It is an industrial center.
Population, 15,174.印第安纳市:美国宾夕法尼亚州中西部的一个自治村镇,位于匹兹堡东北偏东方向,是一个工业中心。人口15,174==============MISSISSIPPI===MS for Short=========NO.20===============A state of the southeast United States. It was admitted as the 20th state in 1817. The first settlers in
the region (1699) were French, and the area became part of Louisiana. It passed to the British (1763-
1779) and then to the Spanish before being ceded to the United States in 1783. The Mississippi
Territory, organized in 1798 and enlarged in 1804 and 1813, also included the present state of
Alabama. Jackson is the capital and the largest city. Population, 2,586,443.密西西比:美国东南部的一个州。它于1817年被接受为第二十个州。此地区最早的定居者(1699年)是法莫道不消魂国人,当时
这一片地区是路易斯安那的一部分。后来又归英国(1763-1779年)和西班牙统治,最后于1783年割让与美国。
1789年成立密西西比区,并于1804和1813年两次扩大,其中也包括今天的阿拉巴马州。杰克逊是州首府和最大的城
市。人口2,586,443==============Illinois===IL for Short=========NO.21================A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 21st state in 1818. The area was
explored by the French in the late 1600's, ceded by France to the British in 1763, and ceded by them to
the newly formed United States in 1783. Springfield is the capital and Chicago the largest city.
Population, 11,466,682.伊利诺斯州:美国中北部的一个州。1818年作为第二十一个州加入美国。法莫道不消魂国人在17世纪后期首先开发了此地,1763
年法莫道不消魂国又将其割让给英国,1783年英法两国共同将其割让给新建立的美利坚合众国。斯普林菲尔德是该州首府,芝加
哥为最大城市。人口11,466,682==============Alabama===AL for Short========NO.22=================A state of the southeast United States. It was admitted as the 22nd state in 1819. Alabama was first
explored by the Spanish, and the southern section was claimed by the United States as part of the
Louisiana Purchase (1803). Montgomery is the capital and Birmingham the largest city. Population,
4,062,608.亚拉巴马州:美国东南部一个州。1819年被接纳为美国第22个州。亚拉巴马首先由西班牙人勘查,南部地区作为“路
易斯安那购置”(1803年)的一部分被美国占领。蒙哥马利为其州府,伯明翰是最大城市。人口4,062,608==============Maine===ME for Short=========NO.23===================1) also [mμn] A historical region and former province of northwest France south of Normandy. United
with Anjou in 1126, it passed to England when Henry Plantagenet became king in 1154. Maine reverted
to the French crown in 1481.也作 [mμn] 缅因:法莫道不消魂国历史上西北部的一个地域和以前省份,位于诺曼底以南。1126年和安茹统一,当金雀花王朝的
亨利于1154年成为国王时它被划归英国。缅因于1481年回归法莫道不消魂国国王的统治2) Abbr. ME, Me.A state of the northeast United States. It was admitted as the 23rd state in 1820. First
explored by Europeans in 1602, the region was annexed by Massachusetts in 1652. Maine's northern
boundary with New Brunswick was settled by a treaty with Great Britain in 1842. Augusta is the capital
and Portland the largest city. Population, 1,233,223.缩写 ME, Me.缅因州:美国东北部的一个州,于1820年被收归为第二十三个州。最早在1602年被欧洲人开发,此地
区在1652年被马塞诸萨合并。缅因北部和加拿大新布伦瑞克省的边界于1842年和英国以条约的形式确定下来。奥古斯
塔为其首府,波特兰是其最大城市。人口1,233,223==============MISSOURI===MO for Short=========NO.24================A state of the central United States. It was admitted as the 24th state in 1821. Under Spanish control
from 1762 to 1800, the area passed to the United States through the Louisiana Purchase of 1803.
Organized as a territory in 1812, Missouri's application for admission as a slaveholding state in 1817
sparked a bitter controversy over the question of extending slavery into new territories. The Missouri
Compromise of 1820 provided for the admission of Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state
in the following year. Jefferson City is the capital and St. Louis the largest city. Population, 5,137,804.密苏里州:美国中部的一个州。于1821年被接受为第二十四个州。1762年到1800年,此地区处于西班牙的控制下,
美国于1803年在路易斯安那购买行动中获得这一地域。1812年成为一个地区。1817年密苏里申请以蓄奴州身份加入
联邦导致了关于是否将奴隶制扩大到新地区的争论。1820年的密苏里协议为次年作为自由州的缅因州和作为蓄奴州的
密苏里州加入联邦铺平了道路。杰斐逊城是州首府,圣路易斯为最大城市。人口5,137,804==============Arkansas===AR for Short=========NO.25================A state of the south-central United States bordered on the east by the Mississippi River. It was
admitted as the 25th state in 1836. The region was first explored by members of Hernando de Soto's
expedition in 1541 and passed to the United States in 1803 as part of the Louisiana Purchase. Little
Rock is the capital and the largest city. Population, 2,362,239.阿肯色州:美国中南部一个州,东面以密西西比河为界。1836年成为第25个州。该地区最早曾由埃尔南多·行索托的探
险队成员在1541年勘查过,1803年作为路易斯安那购置地的一部分归为美国。小石城为首府和最大城市。人口
2,362,239==============MICHIGAN===MI for Short=========NO.26================A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 26th state in 1837. French explorers
first visited the area in 1618, and the French retained nominal control until the end of the French and
Indian Wars (1763), when the region passed to Great Britain. It was ceded to the United States in 1783,
although the British held some areas until 1796. The Michigan Territory was organized in 1805 with
Detroit as its capital. Lansing is the state capital (since 1847) and Detroit the largest city. Population,
9,328,784.密执安州:美国中北部的州,1837年作为第26个州加入美国,法莫道不消魂国探险家于1618年最初到达这一地区,直到1763年
的法莫道不消魂国和印第安人战争,法莫道不消魂国拥有名义上的控制权,战争结束后此地区归于英国统治,1783年割让给美国,但直到
1796年前英国仍控制着部分地区,密执安州建立于1805年,底特律为州政府所在地,1847年后州政府所在地转至兰
辛,底特律为该州最大城市。人口9,328,784==============Florida===FL for Short=========NO.27================A state of the southeast United States bordering on the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. It was
admitted as the 27th state in 1845. The peninsula was first discovered by Juan Ponce de León in 1513
and became the center of a Spanish settlement that included the southeast part of the present-day
United States. Spain finally ceded the area in 1819. Tallahassee is the capital and Jacksonville the
largest city. Population, 13,003,362.佛罗里达:美国东南部一州,濒临大西洋和墨西哥湾。它于1845年被定为第27个州,该半岛于1513年首先由胡安·庞
斯·德·来昂发现,并成为包括现在美国东南部的西班牙人拓居地中心,西班牙最终于1819年割让了这一地区。首府塔拉
哈西,最大城市杰克逊维尔。人口13,003,362==============TEXAS===TX for Short=========NO.28================A state of the south-central United States. It was admitted as the 28th state in 1845. Explored by the
Spanish in the 16th and 17th centuries, the region became a province of Mexico in the early 19th
century. Texans won their independence in 1836 after a gallant but losing stand at the Alamo in
February and a defeat of Santa Ana's forces at the Battle of San Jacinto (April 21). Denied admission as
a state by antislavery forces in the U.S. Congress, the leaders of Texas formed an independent republic
that lasted until 1845. Austin is the capital and Houston the largest city. Population, 17,059,805.得克萨斯:美国中南部一州,1845年它被接受为第二十八个州。西班牙人于16和17世纪探索此地,该地区于19世纪早
期成为墨西哥的一个省,经过二月份在阿拉蒙虽失败但勇敢的奋力抵抗和在圣·杰西托战役(4月21日)中战胜桑塔·阿那
军队后,得克萨斯于1836年赢得独立。美国国会反奴隶力量拒绝接受其为一州,得克萨斯的领袖们建立了独立的共和
国直到1845年。奥斯汀是其首府,休顿是其最大的城市。人口17,059,805==============IOWA===IA for Short=========NO.29================A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 29th state in 1846. Part of the
Louisiana Purchase of 1803, Iowa was organized as a separate territory in 1838. The Mound Builders
lived in the area in prehistoric times. Des Moines is the capital and the largest city. Population,
2,787,424.艾奥瓦州;衣阿华州:美国中北部一州。1846年它被接纳为第29个州。它属于1803年路易斯安那购置地的一部分,
1838年被组建为一个独立的地区。在史前时期筑墩人居住在这一地区。德梅因是首府亦是最大的城市。人口
2,787,424==============WISCONSIN===WI for Short=========NO.30================A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 30th state in 1848. First settled by
the French, the region was ceded to Great Britain in 1763 and became part of the Northwest Territory
in 1787. Madison is the capital and Milwaukee the largest city. Population, 4,906,745.威斯康星州:美国中北部一州。1848年作为第三十个州加入。首先由法莫道不消魂国殖民者建立,1763年割让给大不列颠,
1787年成为西北地区的一部分。麦迪逊市是该州首府,密尔沃基市是最大城市。人口4,906,745威斯康星州(Wisconsin)是美国中西部的一个州,州名来源于法语对某印第安地名的音译,意为“我们居住的地方”(1848-05-29日,第30个加入美国联邦)==============California===CA for Short=========NO.31================A state of the western United States on the Pacific Ocean. It was admitted as the 31st state in 1850.
The area was colonized by the Spanish and formally ceded to the United States by the Treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo (184
. California is often called the Golden State because of its sunny climate and
the discovery of gold during its pioneering days. Sacramento is the capital and Los Angeles the largest
city. Population, 29,839,250.加利福尼亚:美国西部靠近太平洋的一个州。1850年被收纳为第三十一个州。这个区域是西班牙的殖民地,后按瓜达
卢佩一伊达尔戈条约回归美国(1848年)。由于其阳光明媚的气候,并在拓荒年代发现了金矿,加利福尼亚常被称为
金色之州。萨克拉门托是其首府,洛杉矶是其最大城市。人口29,839,250==============MINNESOTA===MN for Short=========NO.32================A state of the northern United States bordering on Lake Superior and on Manitoba and Ontario,
Canada. It was admitted as the 32nd state in 1858. First explored by the French in the mid-17th
century, the area became part of the United States through the Treaty of Paris (1783) and the Louisiana
Purchase (1803). St. Paul is the capital and Minneapolis the largest city. Population, 4,387,029.明尼苏达州:美国北部的一个州,隔苏必利尔湖与加拿大马尼托巴省和安大略省相望。于1858年成为美国的第32个州
。在17世纪中期法莫道不消魂国人开始探索这一地区,后通过巴黎条约(1783年)和路易斯安那置地(1803年)成为美国的一部
分。首府为圣保罗,最大城市为明尼阿波利斯。人口4,387,029明尼苏达州是美国中西部最大的一个州,属于上中西部地区。明尼苏达州最重要的城市地区是由明尼阿波利斯和圣保罗
组成的双城地区,这两座城市以及它们周围的城区里的居民占明尼苏达州总居民数的一半以上。 明尼苏达州是美国的一个重要的产粮地区。它还拥有许多自然财富,这些财富在过去两个世纪中被大量开采。1858年5月1日原明尼苏达地区的东半部继加利福尼亚州后成为美国的第32个州。==============OREGON===OR for Short=========NO.33================Abbr. OR, Ore.A state of the northwest United States in the Pacific Northwest. It was admitted as the
33rd state in 1859. Claimed by the United States after Capt. Robert Gray explored the mouth of the
Columbia River in 1792, the area was further explored by Lewis and Clark in 1805 and was soon the
site of fur-trading posts. The Oregon Country, a region encompassing all the land from the California
border to Alaska and the Pacific Ocean to the Rocky Mountains, was held jointly by Great Britain and
the United States from 1818 until 1846, when the international boundary was fixed at the 49th parallel.
In 1848 the Oregon Territory was created, including all of present-day Washington and Idaho. The
state's current boundaries were established in 1853. Salem is the capital and Portland the largest city.
Population, 2,853,733. 缩写 OR, Ore.俄勒冈州:美国西北部、太平洋西北沿岸州。1859年作为第33州加入联邦。1792年在船长罗伯特·格
雷探险哥伦比亚河口之后,美国宣布拥有其主权,1815年,刘易斯和克拉克对该地区进行了进一步的探险,不久后它
成为皮货交易站。俄勒冈地区, 覆盖从加利福尼亚州边界到阿拉斯加州和太平洋直至洛矶山脉的大片地区,从1818年
起英国和美国共同拥有该片地区,直至1846年在北纬49度制定了国界。1848年, 俄勒冈专区 成立,包括今天的华盛
顿州和爱达荷州。此州现有边界是1853年制定的。首府为沙连,最大城市为波特拉。人口2,853,773 A city of northwest Ohio, an industrial suburb of Toledo on Lake Erie. Population, 18,334.俄勒冈市 :美国俄亥俄州西北部城市,托利多市的工业郊区,位于伊利湖畔。人口18,334==============Kansas===KS for Short=========NO.34================A state of the central United States. It was admitted as the 34th state in 1861. Organized as a territory
by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, which provided it would be classified as a free or slave state on
the basis of popular sovereignty, it became a virtual battleground, known as Bleeding Kansas, for free
and slave factions (1854-1859). Kansas was finally admitted as a free state. Topeka is the capital and
Wichita the largest city. Population, 2,485,600.堪萨斯州:美国中部一州。1961年被批准为第34个州。通过1854年的堪萨斯内布拉斯加法案,堪萨斯被组织成为一个
地区。该法案规定,遵照人民瑞脑消金兽主权论的原则该地区可以成为自由州或蓄奴州。1854年至1859年间该州实质上成为自由
派和蓄奴派的战场,被称为血腥的堪萨斯。堪萨斯最终被批准成为自由州。其首府为托皮卡,最大城市为威奇托。人口
2,485,600。==============West Virginia===WV for Short=========NO.35=================A state of the east-central United States. It was admitted as the 35th state in 1863. West Virginia was
part of Virginia until the area refused to endorse the ordinance of secession in 1861. Charleston is the
capital and the largest city. Population, 1,801,625.西弗吉尼亚洲:美国东部中心的一个洲,它于1863年被收归为第35个州(1863-06-25日)。西弗吉尼亚州直到1861年
拒绝在脱离联邦的法令上签字前,一直是弗吉尼亚洲的一部分。查尔斯顿既是其首府又是其最大的城市。人口
1,801,625==============NEVADA===NV for Short=========NO.36================A state of the western United States. It was admitted as the 36th state in 1864. Part of the area ceded
by Mexico to the United States in 1848, it was made into a separate territory in 1861 after an influx of
settlers who were drawn by the discovery (1859) of the Comstock Lode. Carson City is the capital and
Las Vegas the largest city. Population, 1,206,152.内华达州:美国西部的一州。1864年被承认为第36个州。1848年,墨西哥将其部分地区割让给美国。随着1859年康
斯托克矿的发现而涌入大量定居者之后,1816年内华达州成为独立地区。卡森城是其首府,最大城市是拉斯维加斯。
人口1,206,152==============NEBRASKA===NE for Short=========NO.37================A state of the central United States in the Great Plains. It was admitted as the 37th state in 1867. The
region became part of the United States through the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 and was made a
separate territory by the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854. Its present boundaries were established in
1861. Lincoln is the capital and Omaha the largest city. Population, 1,584,617.内布拉斯加州:大草原上美国中央的一个州。于1867年成为美国的第三十七州,该地区通过1803年的路易斯安那的购
买成为美国的一部分,根据1854年的堪萨斯-内布拉斯加法案成为独立的领土。它的现在的边界定于1867年,林肯是
其首府,奥马哈是最大城市。人口1,584,61==============Colorado===CO for Short=========NO.38================A state of the west-central United States. It was admitted as the 38th state in 1876. First explored by
the Spanish in the 16th and 17th centuries, the region was added to the United States through the
Louisiana Purchase (1803) and a cession by Mexico (184
. The Colorado Territory was organized in
1861. Denver is the capital and the largest city. Population, 3,307,912.科罗拉多州:美国中西部的一个州,1876年被确认为第38个州。于16和17世纪首先被西班牙人探险发现,通过路易斯
安那购买(1803年)和墨西哥的割让(1848年)而加入美国版图。科罗拉多的区划正式确立于1861年,丹佛是其首
府和最大城市。人口3,307,912==============NORTH DAKOTA===ND for Short=========NO.39================A state of the north-central United States bordering on Canada. It was admitted as the 39th state in
1889. Acquired through the Louisiana Purchase (1803) and a border treaty with Great Britain (181
,
the region became part of the Dakota Territory in 1861. It was set off from South Dakota when
statehood was achieved. Bismarck is the capital and Fargo the largest city. Population, 641,364.北达科他州:美国中北部的州,与加拿大接壤。1889年成为美国第39个州。根据《路易斯安那购买协定》(1803年)
和与大不列颠的边界协定(1818年),这个地区在1861年成为达科他地区的一部分。取得州权后与南达科他分开。首府
俾斯麦,最大城市法戈。人口641,364==============SOUTH DAKOTA===SD for Short=========NO.40================A state of the north-central United States. It was admitted as the 40th state in 1889. Acquired in the
Louisiana Purchase, the region became part of the Dakota Territory in 1861 and was split off from
North Dakota at the time it achieved statehood. Pierre is the capital and Sioux Falls the largest city.
Population, 699,999.南达科他州:美国中北部的一个州,1889年被接纳为美国第四十个州。该地区是在购买路易斯安那的过程中获得的,
在1861年成为达科他属地的一部分,同时脱离北达科他州并获得州权。皮尔是其州府,苏福尔斯市是最大城市。人口
699,999==============MONTANA===MT for Short=========NO.41================A state of the northwest United States bordering on Canada. It was admitted as the 41st state in 1889.
Most of the area passed to the United States through the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 and was explored
by Lewis and Clark in 1805 and 1806. Split for many years among other western territories, the region
was organized as the Montana Territory in 1864. Helena is the capital and Billings the largest city.
Population, 803,655.蒙大拿州:美国西北部与加拿大接壤的一个州。1889年被接纳为美国第41个州。大部分地区通过1803年路易斯安那的
购买归属美国,路易斯和克拉克在1805年和1806年勘查了此地。经过多年在其他西部地区分佳节又重阳裂之后在1864年组成蒙
大拿地区。赫勒拿是该州首府,比林斯是最大城市。人口803,655==============WASHINGTON===WA for Short=========NO.42================1) Abbr. WA, Wash.A state of the northwest United States on the Pacific Ocean. It was admitted as the
42nd state in 1889. Originally explored by Capt. James Cook (177
, Washington was the object of a
dispute between England and the United States until 1846, when its northern border was set at the
49th parallel. Washington is noted for its lumber and defense industries. Olympia is the capital and
Seattle the largest city. Population, 4,887,941.缩写 WA, Wash.华盛顿州:美国西北部一州,靠近太平洋。它于1889年作为第42个州加入美国。华盛顿州最早由詹
姆斯·库克上尉探险发现(1778年),后来它成为英国和美国的争论目标,直到1846年其北部边界定于北纬49度方告终
。华盛顿州以木材和国防工业闻名。奥林匹亚为其首府,西雅图为其最大城市。人口4,887,9412) The capital of the United States, on the Potomac River between Virginia and Maryland and
coextensive with the District of Columbia. It was designed by Pierre L'Enfant and became the capital in
1800. In the War of 1812 the British captured and sacked (1814) Washington, burning most of the
public buildings, including the Capitol and the White House. Population, 609,909.华盛顿特区:美国首都,位于弗吉尼亚和马里兰之间的波多马克河畔,与哥伦比亚特区具有同等范围。它由皮埃尔·L·
昂方设计,于1800年成为首都。在1812年战争中,英军占领并洗劫了华盛顿(1814年),烧毁了大部分公共建筑,包
括国会大厦及白宫。人口609,9093) A city of southwest Pennsylvania southwest of Pittsburgh. Settled in 1769, it is a manufacturing
center and the seat of Washington and Jefferson College (first chartered 1787). Population, 15,864.华盛顿:宾西法尼亚西南部城市,位于匹兹堡西南。殖民开发于1769年,为一制造业中心,华盛顿与杰菲逊学院(最
初于1787年获特许状)的所在地。人口15,864华盛顿州(英语:State of Washington)是一个位于美国西北太平洋沿岸的州,北接加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省,南
接俄勒冈州,东临爱达荷州,西邻太平洋。为纪念美国首任总统,乔治·华盛顿而成立,亦是唯一以总统名称命名的州
。并于1889年11月11日加入联邦成为美国第42个州。==============Idaho===ID for Short=========NO.43================A state of the northwest United States. It was admitted as the 43rd state in 1890. First explored by the
Lewis and Clark expedition in 1805, the region was held jointly by Great Britain and the United States
from 1818 to 1846. Idaho became a separate territory in 1863. Boise is the capital and the largest city.
Population, 1,011,986.爱达荷州:美国西北部的一个州。1890年作为第四十三个州加入美国。1805年刘易斯和克拉克考察队第一次勘探了该
州,从1818至1846年,该地区由英国和美国共管。1863年成为一个独立的国家。博伊西是该州首府。人口
1,011,986==============Arizona===AK for Short=========NO.44================1) Abbr. WY, Wyo.A state of the western United States. It was admitted as the 44th state in 1890.
Acquired by the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase (1803), Wyoming became a ranching
center after the Union Pacific Railroad was established (186
. Cheyenne is the capital and the largest
city. Population, 455,975.缩写 WY, Wyo.怀俄明州:美国西部的一个州。1890年被特许成为美国的第44个州,1803年向法莫道不消魂国购买路易斯安娜
州时作为其一部分购得,在太平洋联合铁路建成(1868年)时,怀俄明州成为大农场中心。夏延为首府和最大城市。人
口455,9752) A city of west-central Michigan, a manufacturing suburb of Grand Rapids. Population, 63,891.怀俄明市:美国密歇根中西部一城市,是大拉皮兹的制造业郊区。人口63,891 (1890年7月10日,第44个州)==============UTAH===UT for Short=========NO.45================A state of the western United States. It was admitted as the 45th state in 1896. First explored by the
Spanish in 1540, the region was settled in 1847 by Mormons led by Brigham Young. Salt Lake City is
the capital and the largest city. Population, 1,727,784.犹他州:美国西部一个州。在1896年它作为第四十五个州被纳入美国。在1540年首次由西班牙人探险,在1847年由
布里格姆·扬格率领的摩门教徒在此地区居住。盐湖城是此州的首府及最大城市。人口1,727,784==============OKLAHOMA===OK for Short=========NO.46================A state of the south-central United States. It was admitted as the 46th state in 1907. First explored by
the Spanish, it was opened to settlement in 1889. The western part was organized in 1890 as the
Oklahoma Territory, which was merged with the adjoining Indian Territory to form the present state
boundaries. The Dust Bowl of the 1930's forced many farmers to move west as migrant laborers.
Oklahoma City is the capital and the largest city. Population, 3,157,604.俄克拉何马州:美国中南部的一个州。它于1907年被接纳为美国的第46个州。西班牙人首先探察了这一地区,在1889
年它对外开放,允许外来人居住。1890年,其西部地区组成俄克拉何马地区,它与印第安地区合并构成了现在的俄克
拉何马州。20世纪30年代的干旱尘暴迫使许多农民向西迁移成为流动劳工。俄克拉何马城是其首府和最大的城市。人
口3,157,604==============NEW MEXICO===NM for Short=========NO.47================A state of the southwest United States on the Mexican border. It was admitted as the 47th state in
1912. Site of prehistoric cultures that long preceded the Pueblo civilization encountered by the
Spanish in the 16th century, the region was governed as a province of Mexico after 1821 and ceded to
the United States by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848. The original territory (established 1850)
included Arizona and part of Colorado and was enlarged by the Gadsden Purchase of 1853. Sante Fe is
the capital and Albuquerque the largest city. Population, 1,521,779.新墨西哥:美国西南部一个州,位于墨西哥边境附近。1912年作为第47个州加入美国。它能追溯到16世纪西班牙人所
遇到的普埃夫洛文明的史前文化遗址。1821年以后,这个地区是墨西哥统治的省,1848年在《瓜达卢佩·伊达尔戈和
约》签订后割让给美国。最初疆城(1850年建立)包括亚利桑那和科罗拉多的一部分,1853年由于加兹登购买此城得到
扩大。首府圣菲,最大城市阿尔伯克基。人口1,521,779==============Arizona===AZ for Short=========NO.48================A state of the southwest United States on the Mexican border. It was admitted as the 48th state in
1912. First explored by the Spanish in 1539, the area was acquired by the United States in 1848
through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Phoenix is the capital and the largest city. Population,
3,677,985.亚利桑那:美国西南部一个州,与墨西哥接壤。1912年成为美国第48个州。西班牙人首次在1539年到此勘探,1848
年通过瓜达卢佩-伊达尔戈条约该地区划归美国。菲尼克斯为该州首府和最大城市。人口3,677,985==============Alaska===AK for Short=========NO.49=================A state of the United States in extreme northwest North America, separated from the other mainland
states by British Columbia, Canada. It was admitted as the 49th state in 1959 and is the largest state of
the Union. The territory was purchased from Russia in 1867 for $7,200,000 and was known as Seward's
Folly (after Secretary of State William H. Seward, who negotiated the purchase) until gold was
discovered in the late 1800's. Juneau is the capital and Anchorage the largest city. There are plans to
move the capital to Willow, near Anchorage. Population, 551,947.阿拉斯加州:美国的一个州,位于北美洲最西北部,与其它的大陆州被加拿大的不列颠哥伦比亚省隔开。1959年被纳
为第49个州,是联邦中面积最大的州。这块领地于1867年以7,200,000美元的价格从俄半夜凉初透国购得,直到19世纪晚期在此
发现黄金之前,一直被称为“西沃德笨蛋”(源自洽谈购买的国务卿威廉·H·西沃德)。朱诺为其州府,安克雷奇是最
大城市。现计划迁州府到安克雷奇附近的威洛。人口551,947==============Hawaii===HI for Short=========NO.50=================A state of the United States in the central Pacific Ocean comprising the Hawaiian Islands. The islands
became a U.S. territory in 1900, which was admitted as the 50th state in 1959. Honolulu, on Ohau, is
the capital and the largest city. Population, 1,115,274.夏威夷州:美国州名,位于太平洋中部,由夏威夷群岛组成,1900年成为美国领土,1959年被纳为美国第五十个州,
位于欧胡岛上的檀香山是该州的首府及最大城市。人口1,115,247